Topic 1 Using Spec Flashcards
What state of matter can change shape and volume
Gas
What happens when particles in a gas lose energy
the forces between the particles grow stronger. If the forces become strong enough to bind the particles together, the gas condenses and becomes a liquid.
When does a change in state occur
When a substance is heated it’s particles can gain enough energy to overcome the forces between them
What process converts particles from a solid to a gas
Sublimation
What was the plum pudding model
Model of atom where there was a ball of charge , with negatively charged electrons
What was Rutherfords model
Discovered alpha particles could bounce back off atoms
Atoms mass is concentrated in the atoms centre, was called the nucleus and contained positively charged particles called protons
What is a proton and its charge
Sub atomic particle
+1 charge and found in nucleus
Relative atomic mass of 1
Info about electrons
Relative charge of -1
Found in fixed orbits around the nucleus (shells)
Relative atomic mass of 0
Info about neutrons
Relative charge of 0 , they are neutral
Found in nucleus
Relative atomic mass of 1
What is the atomic number
The atomic number is the number of protons
How do u work out the relative mass
Adding number of protons and neutrons found in a nucleus
When looking at an element on the periodic table what do the numbers next to the element represent
Top number = mass number
Bottom number = atomic number
What is an isotope
Atoms of the same element but different number of neutrons
How many isotopes does hydrogen have
Hydrogen has 3 isotopes
How many protons do hydrogen atoms contain
1
