Topic 1 - Types of reactions Flashcards
Metal +acid = ?
Salt + hydrogen
What can be observed when a metal and an acid react together?
· Bubbles/ effervescence (caused by the production of hydrogen gas)
· Formation of a solution (if the salt produced is soluble
Are H+ ions reduced or neutralised?
They gain electrons from the metal and are therefore reduced
What has to happen for the reaction to take place?
The metal must be more reactive than hydrogen
What is neutralisation
A chemical reaction between an acid and a base to form a salt and water
What’s the ionic equation for neutralisation
H+ + OH- –> H2O
What is a base
A substance that neutralises an acid by accepting a proton
Metal oxide + acid = ?
Salt + water
Metal hydroxide + acid =
Salt + water
Are the previous reactions neutralisation or redox?
Neutralisation
What’s an alkali
A soluble base (a hydroxide that is soluble in water)
Alkali + acid = ?
Salt + water
What can be observed when an alkali and an acid react together?
There are no visible observations, but these reactions are usually accompanied by a temperature change
Metal carbonate + acid = ?
Salt + water + carbon dioxide
What can be observed when an acid reacts with a carbonate?
· There are bubbles of carbon dioxide
· A solution will form given that the salt formed is soluble
Hydrogen carbonate + acid = ?
Salt + water + carbon dioxide
What’s the hydrogen carbonate ion
HCO3-
What’s a displacement reaction
One element (the more reactive) replaces element in a compound
What’s a precipitation reaction
A reaction in which an insoluble solid is produced when two solutions are mixed
How can you test for carbonates?
· Adding dilute acid to a solution containing carbonate ions will cause fizzing due to the production of CO2 gas
· The gas produced will turn limewater cloudly
How can you test for sulfates?
· Most sulfates are soluble in water. · Barium sulfate however is very insoluble. Its formation produces a white precipitate
· By adding barium chlorude or barium nitrate to a solution, we can identify if a sulfate is present
What’s the ionic equation for the reaction
Ba2+ (aq) + SO42- (aq) –> BaSO4 (s)
How can you test for halides?
Aqueous halide ions react with aqueous solved ions to form precipitates of different colours
By adding silver nitrate (and nitric acid) to a solution, we can identify if a halide is present
