Topic 1 Structure of the atom and the Periodic Table๐Ÿ“š Flashcards

1
Q

What is the basic unit of matter?

A

The atom.

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2
Q

True or False: An atom consists of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

A

True.

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The center of an atom is called the ___.

A

nucleus.

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4
Q

What charge do protons carry?

A

Positive charge.

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5
Q

What is the charge of electrons?

A

Negative charge.

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6
Q

How do neutrons differ from protons?

A

Neutrons have no charge.

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7
Q

What is the mass number of an atom?

A

The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

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8
Q

Which subatomic particle determines the identity of an element?

A

Protons.

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9
Q

What is the periodic table?

A

A tabular arrangement of elements based on their atomic number.

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10
Q

True or False: The modern periodic table is arranged by increasing atomic mass.

A

False.

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11
Q

What does the atomic number of an element represent?

A

The number of protons in the nucleus.

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12
Q

Who created the first periodic table?

A

Dmitri Mendeleev.

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13
Q

Fill in the blank: Elements in the same ___ have similar chemical properties.

A

group.

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14
Q

What are periods in the periodic table?

A

Horizontal rows of elements.

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15
Q

What is the significance of the zigzag line on the periodic table?

A

It separates metals from nonmetals.

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16
Q

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a noble gas? A) Oxygen B) Helium C) Carbon

A

B) Helium.

17
Q

What is an isotope?

A

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

18
Q

True or False: All isotopes of an element have the same chemical properties.

A

True.

19
Q

What do we call the vertical columns in the periodic table?

A

Groups or families.

20
Q

What element has the atomic number 1?

A

Hydrogen.

21
Q

Fill in the blank: The ___ is the smallest particle of an element that retains its properties.

A

atom.

22
Q

Which part of the atom has the greatest mass?

A

The nucleus.

23
Q

True or False: Alkali metals are highly reactive and found in Group 1.

A

True.

24
Q

What is the main difference between the old and new periodic tables?

A

The new periodic table is organized by atomic number rather than atomic mass.

25
Q

Which element is known as the โ€˜building block of lifeโ€™?

A

Carbon.

26
Q

Multiple choice: Which of the following elements is a halogen? A) Neon B) Chlorine C) Argon

A

B) Chlorine.