Topic 1: Statics Flashcards

1
Q

Crow bar

A

First-class lever, iron/steel bar used to wedge under an object to move or lift it

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2
Q

Bicycle

A

simple machine made of several components: axial, spoke, gear chain, crankshaft, pedals, vehicle used for transportation

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3
Q

Car jack

A

simple machine used as a lifting device

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4
Q

Linear motion

A

motion in a straight line

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5
Q

Rotary motion

A

motion in a circular path, motion about an axis

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6
Q

Oscillatory motion

A

motion that an object repeats continuously

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7
Q

Reciprocal motion

A

repetitive back-and-forth linear motion

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8
Q

Mechanical Advantage

A

MA=load/effort

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9
Q

Velocity Ratio

A

VR=distance moved by effort/distance moved by load

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10
Q

Efficiency

A

efficiency= MA/VR x100%

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11
Q

First class lever

A

Load-Fulcrum-Effort

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12
Q

Second class lever

A

Fulcrum-Load-Effort

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13
Q

Third class lever

A

Load-Effort-Fulcrum

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14
Q

Mechanical Advantage of Levers

A

MA=Load/Effort=distance to effort/distance to load

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15
Q

Velocity Ratio of Levers

A

VR=distance to effort/distance to load

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16
Q

Reducing Gears

A

the driver gear is smaller than the driven gear. Acts as a force multiplier but reduces speed

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17
Q

Multiplying Gears

A

the driver gear is bigger than the driven gear. Acts as a speed multiplier

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18
Q

Velocity ratio of Gears

A

VR=rpm of driver/ rpm of driven

19
Q

Gear ratio of Gears

A

GR=driven/driver

20
Q

Mechanical advantage of Gears

21
Q

Efficiency of Gears

A

MA/VR or GR/VR

22
Q

Velocity Ratio of Worm drives

A

VR=number of teeth on worm gear/threads on worm

23
Q

Gear ratio of Rack and pinion

A

GR= pinion teeth/rack pitch

24
Q

Mechanical Advantage of Inclined Planes

A

MA= load/effort

25
Velocity Ratio of Inclined Planes
VR=distance moved by effort (along plane)/distance moved by load (vertically up) = 1/sinx
26
Mechanical Advantage of Screws
MA= load/effort
27
Velocity ratio of Screws
VR= distance moved by effort/ distance mover by load= circumference/pitch
28
Pulleys
used to transmit power, change direction of force, provide assistance using MA
29
Velocity Ratio of First-order pulley system
VR=2^p, p=movable pulleys in system
30
Velocity Ratio of Second-order pulley system
VR=n, n= number of rops supporting lower pulleys
31
Mechanical Advantage of pulleys
efficiency x n or efficiency x 2^p
32
Work
W=Fd=Fdcosx=area under a force-displacement graph
33
Power
P=W/t=E/t=Fd/t
34
Potential Energy
PE=mgh
35
Kinetic Energy
KE=1/2*mv^2
36
Energy Efficiency
efficiency= useful output/input
37
Linear Motion
v=u+ at, v^2=u^2+as, s=ut+1/2*at^2, average velocity=s/t
38
Friction
force that opposes the motion of an object
39
Static Friction Force
force that keeps object at rest/just at the point of moving, F=coefficient of static friction x normal force
40
Kinetic Friction Force
force when there is relative motion. F=coefficient of kinetic friction x normal force
41
coefficient of friction
coefficient of friction= friction force/normal force = tanx
42
limiting friction
frictional resistance that exists just as motion is about to occur
43
Angle of static friction (phi)
angle between resultant reaction and normal reaction
44
Angle of repose (theta)
angle of the inclined plane