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SPX1004 - Chemistry In Action > Topic 1 - states of Matter, Elements & Nomenclature > Flashcards

Topic 1 - states of Matter, Elements & Nomenclature Flashcards

1
Q

What is Matter?

A

A substance that hass mass and takes up space

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2
Q

How can matter can be categorized ?

A

By physical state (gas, liquid, solid) and by composition (elements, compounds, mixtures).

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3
Q

How many ways can matter be classified

A

2 (physical state and composition)

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4
Q

What is an Atom?

A
  • the smallest unit of matter
  • smallest building block of the element
  • 3 main parts (protons, neutrons and electrons)
  • atoms may form bonds with other atoms
    E.g. Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen
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5
Q

What is an Element?

A
  • a pure substance consisting of one type of atom
  • can be identified by atomic number (number of protons)
    E.g. Oxygens atomic number is 8
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6
Q

What is a molecule?

A
  • formed when 2 or more atoms join together chemically (can be the same atom)
  • The smallest individual building block of compounds
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7
Q

What is a compound?

A
  • formed when two different elements join together
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8
Q

What is the mass number? (bottom
num)

A

number of protons (+) and number of neutrons

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9
Q

What is the atomic number? (top num)

A

number of protons/electrons as they are the same (atoms are electrically neutral)

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10
Q

What is an Isotope?

A

atoms with the same number of protons but with different numbers of neutrons.

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11
Q

Compound vs Molecule

A

molecules can contain atoms of the same element (O2) but not compounds they need to be different so all compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds

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12
Q

Why do atoms bond together?

A

because the compound that forms is more stable (has less energy) than the separate atoms.

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13
Q

What is an Ion?

A

if a compound breaks up in water they become electrically charged = ions

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14
Q

symbol of hydrogen

A

H

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15
Q

symbol of lithium

A

Li

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16
Q

symbol of beryllium

A

Be

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17
Q

symbol of boron

A

B

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18
Q

symbol of silicon

A

Si

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19
Q

symbol of chromium

A

Cr

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20
Q

symbol of fluorine

A

F

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21
Q

symbol of neon

A

Ne

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22
Q

symbol of helium

A

He

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23
Q

symbol of sodium

A

Na

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24
Q

symbol of magnesium

A

Mg

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25
Q

symbol of aluminium

A

Al

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26
Q

symbol of vanadium

A

V

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27
Q

symbol of oxygen

A

O

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28
Q

symbol of chlorine

A

Cl

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29
Q

symbol of argon

A

Ar

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30
Q

symbol of potassium

A

K

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31
Q

symbol of calcium

A

Ca

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32
Q

symbol of scandium

A

Sc

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33
Q

symbol of titanium

34
Q

symbol of nitrogen

35
Q

symbol of sulphur

36
Q

symbol of iron

37
Q

symbol of cobalt

38
Q

symbol of nickel

39
Q

symbol of copper

40
Q

symbol of zinc

41
Q

symbol of Carbon

42
Q

symbol of phosphorus

43
Q

symbol of magnesium

44
Q

what does the chemical formula tell u

A

how many atoms of each element the molecule contains.

45
Q

Chemical formula of oxygen

46
Q

Chemical formula of carbon monoxide

47
Q

Chemical formula of carbon dioxide

48
Q

Chemical formula of water

49
Q

Chemical formula of sulphuric acid

50
Q

Chemical formula of sodium carbonate

51
Q

meaning of brackets in formual

A

Mg(OH)2.
2 outside the brackets tells you that you have two of each atom inside the bracket
one magnesium atom, two oxygen atoms and two hydrogen atoms.

52
Q

solid to liquid

53
Q

liquid to gas

A

vaporization

54
Q

gas to plasma

A

ionization

55
Q

plasma to gas

A

deionization

56
Q

gas to liquid

A

condensation

57
Q

liquid to solid

58
Q

arrangement of solid

A

atoms are arranged in a regular fashion with a fixed volume
particles close together
in crystalline materials they’re held in a regular repeating arrangement

59
Q

arrangement of liquid

A

fixed volume with no definite shape further apart and can flow

60
Q

arrangement of gas

A

random with no fixed shape far apart

61
Q

What is the formula of chlorine gas

62
Q

What is the formula of Hydrogen gas

63
Q

What is the formula of Copper sulphate

63
Q

What is the formula of Hydrochloric acid

64
Q

What is the formula of sodium hydroxide

65
Q

What is the formula of Sodium chloride

66
Q

What is the formula of Sodium carbonate

67
Q

what is the formula of Aluminium oxide

68
Q

what is the formula of Ammonium Sulphate

69
Q

what is the formula of Calcium hydroxide

70
Q

what is the formula of Nitric acid

71
Q

what is the formula of Lithium Sulphate

72
Q

what is the formula of Potassium hydroxide

73
Q

what is the formula of Aluminium Chloride

73
Q

what is the formula of Calcium carbonate

74
Q

what is the formula of Vanadium oxide

75
Q

polyatomic ion of carbonate

76
Q

polyatomic ion of hydroxide

77
Q

polyatomic ion of Nitrate

78
Q

polyatomic ion of phosphate

79
Q

polyatomic ion of sulfate

SPX1004 - Chemistry In Action (4 decks)

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