Topic 1 : Proteins Flashcards
What are the chemical elements of Proteins?
Protein contains mainly carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen.
Where does the digestion of protein begin?
In the stomach
What are essential amino acids?
Essential amino acids are amino acids that the human body is unable to produce and they must be obtained from food.
Name 3 examples of essential amino acids.
Leucine, Lysine, Valine
What are non-essential amino acids?
Non-essential amino acids are amino acids that the body is able to produce and they need to be obtained from food.
Name 3 examples of non-essential amino acids.
Alanine, Glycine, Serine (Proline)
What are proteins of high biological value?
Proteins of a high biological value supply the body with all the essential amino acids in the right amounts.
Name 3 examples of proteins of high biological value.
Chicken, eggs, milk.
What are proteins of low biological value?
Proteins of a low biological value lacks one or more essential amino acids.
Name 3 examples of proteins of low biological value.
Almond, Baked Beans, Sunflower seeds
What are complementary proteins?
Complementary proteins are formed by combining two or more low biological value proteins.
Name 2 examples of complementary proteins?
Dhal and rice, Baked beans and bread
Name 5 functions of Proteins in the Body
Growth and repair,
Providing structure,
Transportation of nutrients, wastes and gases
Formation of enzymes,
Immunity,
Energy reserve,
Body movements
Explain growth and repair
- Support growth and maintain good health
- Repair and replace worn-out cells and tissues
Explain providing structure
- Provide structure and internal support to the human body and organs
Explain transportation of nutrients, wastes and gases
- Help to transport gases from one tissue to another in the body
Explain formation of enzymes
- They are involved in chemical reactions in the body
- Speed us chemical reactions in our body
Explain immunity
- Protects the body against attacks by harmful microorganisms and foreign substances in the form of antibodies
Explain energy reserve
- During prolonged starvation, proteins in the body are forced to break down to supply energy.
Explain body movement
- All body movements are enabled through muscle contraction.
