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Understanding the Self > Topic 1: Philosophical Self > Flashcards

Topic 1: Philosophical Self Flashcards

1
Q

Greek words Philo “loving” Sophia “knowledge/wisdom”

A

Philosophy

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2
Q

explanations of the self from sensory and bodily responses

A

Empiricism

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3
Q

it explains self from the standpoint of what is ideal and the truth

A

Rationalism

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4
Q

the idea that the mind is separate from the body

A

Dualism

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5
Q

“The unexamined life is not worth living”

“knowing oneself”

A

Socrates

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6
Q

“the first and the best victory is to conquer self”

one should care about his soul rather than his body

A

Plato

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7
Q

Plato’s 3 parts of the soul that is driven by desire and need to satisfy oneself

A

Appetitive Soul

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8
Q

Plato’s 3 parts of the soul:

the courageous part of a person

A

Spirited Soul

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9
Q

Plato’s 3 parts of the soul:

The driver of our lives, thinks and plans for the future

A

Rational Soul

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10
Q

“knowing yourself is the beginning of all wisdom”

the human person is simply an animal that thinks.

body and soul are inseparable

A

Aristotle

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11
Q

Aristotle’s 3 levels of soul:

found in plants, three basic requirements to be called a “living being” capacity to grow, reproduce, feed.

A

Vegetative Soul

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12
Q

Aristotle’s 3 levels of soul:

sensations like animals

A

Sensitive Soul

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13
Q

Aristotle’s 3 levels of soul:

highest level of soul

A

Rational Soul (Aristotle)

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14
Q

‘’Accepting God is
the path to know thyself.’’
being alive means we are still far from God and have yet to be truly with him

A

St. Augustine

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15
Q

17th century French philosopher; wrote Discourse on Method; 1st principle “i think therefore i am”; believed mind and matter were completly seperate; known as father of modern rationalism

“Methodical Doubt”

A

Rene Descartes

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16
Q

Latin word for “I think, therefore I am”

A

Cogito Ergo Sum

17
Q

“The self is conciousness”

known for his theory that the mind is “tabula rasa”, a blank slate

he believes that we are born without thoughts or that that the knowledge is instead is instead determined only by experience.

A

John Locke

18
Q

“There is no self”

we cannot observe any permanent self because we continuously undergo change

A

David Hume

19
Q

“We construct the self”

the awareness of different emotions, impressions, and behavior is only a part of ourselves

“Transcendental Apperception”

A

Immanuel Kant

20
Q

An essence of our consciousness that provides basis for understanding and establishing the notion of self by synthesizing one’s accumulation of experiences, intuition and imagination.

A

Transcendental Apperception

21
Q

Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis.

self is multi-layered; ID, EGO, SUPEREGO

A

Sigmund Freud

22
Q

the child aspect of a person; Satisfaction of one’s needs and self gratification, driven by the pleasure principle

A

ID

23
Q

the mediator between id and superego

A

EGO

24
Q

the conscience of one’s personality; inclines to uphold justice and do what are morally right and socially acceptable actions

A

SUPEREGO

25
Q

the memories that are easier to be tapped or accessed

A

Conscious

26
Q

the middle part of the entirety of our consciousness; the memories stored in this area can still be accessed but with a little difficulty

A

Pre-conscious/subconscious

27
Q

where the majority of our memories since childhood are deeply stored. It is very difficult to tap the memories

A

Unconscious

28
Q

“I act, therefore I am”

Notion: the behavior that we show emotions and actions are the reflection of our mind.

(the self is the way people behave)

A

Gilbert Ryle

29
Q

“The brain as the self”

self is defined by the movements of our brain

A

Paul Churchland

30
Q

one should understand the different neurological movements of the brain

A

Neurophilosophy

31
Q

“The self is an embodied subjectivity”

the French philosopher, who is known for his works on existentialism and phenomenology, distinguished the body into 2 types - the subjective body (as lived and experienced) and the objective body

A

Maurice Merleau-Ponty

32
Q

Both receive the experience as well as integrate such experiences in the different perception

A

The Body

33
Q

The accumulation of the perception as integrated by the experiences of the body

A

The Perceived World

34
Q

Enable one to not only be able to integrate the other objects in the world but also to be able to experience the cultural aspect and relate to others

A

The People and the World

Understanding the Self (4 decks)

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