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AS1 Design and Technology > Topic 1: Metals > Flashcards

Topic 1: Metals Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Aesthetic properties of a material ?

A
  • The sensory quality of a material
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2
Q

What are the functional properties of a material ?

A
  • The qualities of a material must possess in order to be fit for purpose for example the correct weight, size, etc.
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3
Q

What are the mechanical properties of a material ?

A
  • materials reaction to physical forces eg. strength, plasticity, ductility, hardness, brittlenes, malleability etc.
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4
Q

Define Plasticity

A
  • Ability of a material to return to its original shape once the deforming force has been removed
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5
Q

Define Ductility

A
  • The ability of a material to be drawin or stretched
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6
Q

Define Hardness

A
  • Ability of a material to withstand indentation, abrasion or scratching.
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7
Q

Define Brittleness

A
  • The tendency of a material to fracture under stress
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8
Q

Define Malleability

A
  • The ability of a metal to be deformed by compression without being torn or cracked
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9
Q

What is a Ferrous Metal ?

A
  • Contains mailnly ferrite or iron
  • ie. steel, made up of iron with various amounts of carbon
  • Occassionly ferrous metals have small amounts of other substances added to them to enhance their properties
  • FERROUS METALS WILL RUST AND ALL ARE MAGNETIC
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10
Q

What is an Alloy?

A
  • Formed by mixing two or more metals and occasionally other elemnets in order to produce metals with enhanced properties
  • Stainless Stells is an alloy of steel and chromium
  • Adding Chromium to steel makes it less prone to rusting
  • Duralumin is an alloy of aluminium, copper and magnese. This makes the aluminium that is already lightweight into a material that is both lightweight and strong.
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11
Q

What are the two types if Cast Iron ?

A
  • White Cast Iron
  • Grey Cast Iron

White Cast Iron is not an easy material to work with as it is hard and brittle

Grey Cast Iron is the most useful and can be casst into intrigate shapes and often used for components on machines such as tailstocks on lathes

When compared to steel i is relatively corrosion resistant

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12
Q

What are the ADV and DISADV of Cast Iron ?

A

+High thermal conductivity which makes it ideal in situations where heat might be an issue eh. Cookware and Braking systems in cars

  • Brittle and will shatter if dropped
  • Impossible to weld
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13
Q

What are the properties of Mild Steel ?

A
  • Steel is an alloy of Iron and Carbon
  • The more carbon that is added to the Iron, the harder the steel becomes
  • Mild Steel: 0.15 to 0.30 % Carbon
  • Very versatile material with many engineering applications
  • Easily Worked
  • Can be Cut, Machined, heated and hammered ino shape.
  • Apart from CASE HARDENING mild steel and be heat treated
  • STEEL RUSTS- iron in the steel reacts with oxygen in the air and oxidation begins to take place and this can be a problem
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14
Q

Summarise White Cast Iron ?

A

Carbon Content:

  • 1.7 - 2.9 %

Properties:

  • Brittle and Very Hard
  • Cant be machined

Uses:

  • Heavy Machinery
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15
Q

Summarise Grey Cast Iron ?

A

Carbon Content:

  • 2.4 - 4.0%

Properties:

  • Can be Machined
  • Easily Cast
  • Corrossion Resistant

Uses:

  • Cast Iron Cookware
  • Brake Discs
  • Components for Machines
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16
Q

Summarise Mild Steel ?

A

Carbon Content:

  • 0.15 - 0.30 %

Properties:

  • Ductile
  • Tough
  • Malleable
  • Has HIgher Tensile Strength

Uses:

  • General Engineering Components
  • Nuts and Bolts
17
Q

Summarise Medium Carbon Steel?

A

Carbon Content:

  • 0.30 - 0.70 %

Properties:

  • Harder than Mild Steel but less Ductile and less Malleable

Uses:

  • Gardening Tools
  • Springs
18
Q

Summarise High Carbon Steel ?

A

Carbon Content;

  • 0.70 - 1.40%

Properties:

  • Properties can be improved by heat treating

Uses:

  • Hammer heads
  • Drills
  • Cutting Tools
19
Q

What are the properties of Aluminium ( Non Ferrous) ?

A
  • Pure Metal
  • Soft and Malleable
  • Conducts heat and electricity well
  • HOWEVER in its purest form, it is useless as an engineering material
  • Always alloyed to improve its properties
  • Extreme lightweight: therefore used in the aircraft industry
  • Aluminium very difficult to weld due to low melting point and oxide layer
  • Oxide layers prevent the molten metal flowing and prevents a sound joint
20
Q

What are the properties of Copper ?

A
  • Malleable, ductile metal that has excellent heat and electrical conductivitiy
  • As it is Ductile it can be easily drawn into a wire and with its extremely good conductive quantities it is extensively used in electricals
  • Corrosion Resistant : This means that is doesnt corrode therefore found in houshold central heating systems
21
Q
A

AS1 Design and Technology (22 decks)

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