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Biology Notes - Eesha Depala > Topic 1 - Lifestyle, Health and Risk > Flashcards

Topic 1 - Lifestyle, Health and Risk Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Accuracy

A

How close the data is to the correct or accepted value.

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2
Q

Causation

A

A relationship between two values or pieces of data where one influences the other.

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3
Q

Correlation

A

An observed relationship between two completely separate values or pieces of data.

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4
Q

Precision

A

How close the repeated values of an experiment are to each other.

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5
Q

Qualitative Data

A

Data in the form of non-numerical qualities and characteristics.

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6
Q

Quantitative Data

A

Data in the form of measurable numbers and statistics.

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7
Q

Reliability

A

The ability to get consistent and repeatable results.

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8
Q

Validity

A

How well the data measures what it is supposed to.

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9
Q

Amylopectin

A

A branched polysaccharide made up of alpha glucose monomers joined by a 1,6 glycosidic bonds that make up starch along with amylose.

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10
Q

Amylose

A

An unbranched polysaccharide made up of alpha glucose monomers joined by a 1,4 glycosidic bonds that makes up starch along with amylopectin.

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11
Q

Body mass index (BMI)

A

A method of measuring a person’s weight with respect to their height to calculate whether they are of a healthy weight or not.

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12
Q

Condensation reaction

A

A type of reaction that joins two molecules together with the formation of a chemical bond involving the elimination of a molecule of water.

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13
Q

Disaccharide

A

Molecules formed by the condensation of two monosaccharides.

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14
Q

Ester bond

A

Aa type of bond formed by a condensation reaction which joins each of the fatty acid tails to the glycerol molecule in a triglyceride.

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15
Q

Glycogen

A

A highly branched polysaccharide made of alpha glucose monomers that is used as the main storage of energy in humans and animals.

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16
Q

Glycosidic bond

A

A bond between two monosaccharides formed in a condensation reaction.

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17
Q

High-density lipoproteins (HDL)

A

A dense molecule made of proteins and lipids that is used to remove cholesterol from tissues and transport it to the liver for excretion.

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18
Q

Hydrolysis

A

Breaking a chemical bond between two molecules involving the use of water molecule.

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19
Q

Low-density lipoproteins (LDL)

A

A lower density molecule made of proteins and lipids that is used to transport cholesterol around the body to different tissues which can cause cholesterol buildup in blood vessels.

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20
Q

Monosaccharides

A

The individual sugar monomers from which larger carbohydrates are made.

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21
Q

Polysaccharide

A

Molecules formed by the condensation of many monosaccharides.

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22
Q

Saturated fatty acids

A

A type of fatty acid molecule containing only single bonds between the carbon atoms.

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23
Q

Starch

A

A polysaccharide made of alpha glucose monomers that is used as the main storage of energy in plants.

24
Q

Triglyceride

A

A type of lipid formed from a molecule of glycerol joined by ester bonds to three fatty acid molecules.

25
Q

Unsaturated fatty acid

A

A type of fatty acid molecule containing at least one double bond in the carbon chain.

26
Q

Waist-to-hip ratio

A

A comparison of the size of a person’s waist to their circumference of their hips which can be used to determine a person’s health risk.

27
Q

Anticoagulants

A

Aa class of drug used to stop blood from forming clots and used as a treatment for CVD.

28
Q

Antihypertensives

A

A class of drug that is used as a treatment for high blood pressure (hypertension).

29
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

A disease caused by a build up of fatty deposits within arteries which narrows them and can restrict blood flow.

30
Q

Cardiovascular disease (CVD)

A

A term used to describe a group of diseases related to the heart and blood vesels.

31
Q

Coagulation

A

The process of blood turning into a gel and forming a clot, often in response to a broken blood vessel to prevent blood loss.

32
Q

Risk factor

A

A factor that increases the likelihood of a person developing a disease.

33
Q

Statins

A

A class of drug that is used to lower cholesterol levels in the blood.

34
Q

Dipole

A

A molecules which has an unequal distribution of electrons which causes atoms in the molecule to have partial charges.

35
Q

Mass Transport

A

The bulk transport of substances to all parts of an organism using mass flow.

36
Q

Solvent

A

A substance which solutes can dissolve in to form a solution.

37
Q

Aorta

A

The main artery that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart at high pressure.

38
Q

Arteriole

A

A smaller type of blood vessel that connects arteries with capillaries.

39
Q

Artery

A

A smaller blood vessel that carries blood at high pressure away from the heart.

40
Q

Atrial systole

A

The phase in the cardiac cycle following diastole where the atria contract and force the blood into the ventricles.

41
Q

Atrium

A

A type of chamber in the heart which receives blood directly from a vein an passes it on to a ventricle.

42
Q

Capillary

A

A very small blood vessel with thin walls and a small diameter used for substance exchange in tissues.

43
Q

Cardiac diastole

A

The phase in the cardiac cycle following ventricular systole where the atria and ventricles are both relaxed and blood flows into the atria.

44
Q

Coronary artery

A

The main artery that supplies the heart tissue with blood.

45
Q

Left atrium

A

The chamber in the heart that receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary vein and passes it on to the left ventricle.

46
Q

Left ventricle

A

The chamber in the heart that receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium and pumps it out of the heart to the rest of the body.

47
Q

Pulmonary artery

A

The main artery that carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for reoxygenation.

48
Q

Pulmonary vein

A

The main vein that carries oxygenated blood away from the lungs and back to the heart.

49
Q

Right atrium

A

The chamber in the heart that receives deoxygenated blood directly from the vena cava and passes it on to the right ventricle.

50
Q

Right ventricle

A

The chamber in the heart that receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium pumps it out of the heart to the lungs for reoxygenation.

51
Q

Vein

A

A type of blood vessel that carries blood at lower pressure into the heart from other parts of the body.

52
Q

Vena cava

A

The main vein that carries deoxygenated blood into the right atrium of the heart.

53
Q

Ventricle

A

A type of chamber in the heart which receives blood from the atrium above it and pumps it out of the heart.

54
Q

Ventricular systole

A

The phase in the cardiac cycle following atrial systole where the ventricles contract and force the blood out of the heart and around the body.

55
Q

Venule

A

A smaller type of blood vessel that connects capillaries with veins.

Biology Notes - Eesha Depala (1 decks)

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