Topic 1 - Key Concepts In Biology (Cells)

Question 1

State 5 subcellular structures that both plant and animal cells have

Answer 1

Nucleus, Cell Membrane, Mitochondria, Ribosome, Cytoplasm

Question 2

Which subcellular structure contains the genetic information

Answer 2

Nucleus

Question 3

Which subcellular structure controls what enters and leaves the cell

Answer 3

Cell Membrane

Question 4

Which subcellular structure is the site of respiration

Answer 4

Mitochondria

Question 5

Which subcellular structure is the site of protein synthesis

Answer 5

Ribosomes

Question 6

What is the jelly-like substance where most of the cell’s activities take place

Answer 6

Cytoplasm

Question 7

State three subcellular structures found in plant cells but not animal cells

Answer 7

Chloroplasts, Cell Wall, Permanent Vacuole

Question 8

Which plant subcellular structure contains cell sap and helps keep the cell firm and rigid

Answer 8

Permanent Vacuole

Question 9

Which plant subcellular structure contains chlorophyll

Answer 9

Chloroplasts

Question 10

Which plant subcellular structure is made of cellulose and supports the cell

Answer 10

Cell Wall

Question 11

What is a prokaryotic cell

Answer 11

A cell without a nucleus

Question 12

What is a eukaryotic cell

Answer 12

A cell with a nucleus

Question 13

State 5 subcellular structures found in a bacterium cell

Answer 13

Chromosomal DNA, Plasmid DNA, Cell Membrane, Ribosomes, Flagellum

Question 14

How are small intestine cells adapted for absorption

Answer 14

Outer membrane folded to form microvilli

Question 15

How is the human egg cell adapted for reproduction

Answer 15

Haploid nucleus, the cell membrane becomes hard after fertilization, to stop other sperm entering, cytoplasm packed with nutrients

Question 16

How is the human sperm cell adapted for fertilization

Answer 16

Haploid nucleus, acrosome vacuole in the head contains enzymes to break egg cytoplasm, a large number of mitochondria to release energy for the tail, tail allows sperm to swim

Question 17

How are ciliated cells adapted for their function

Answer 17

Have strands that contract and wave to move substances

Question 18

How is electron microscopy different to light microscopy

Answer 18

Electron uses a beam of electrons not light, has greater magnification and resolution

Question 19

What is the order of magnitudes for the Milli, micro, nano, and pico

Answer 19

10¬3, 10¬6, 10¬9, 10¬12