Topic 1 - Intro to Human Body Flashcards
Ultrasound
Sound waves echoed off soft body tissues are captured and converted into a 2D image
Pros: no risk, no radiation, anyone can have it, inexpensive, good for soft tissue/surface level
Cons: Only 2D, blurry image
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Magnets and radiowaves are used to orient and energize H+ molecules in the body which are then scanned to generate a high-contrast 2D image by computer
Pros: High contrast images, non-invasive, non-radioactive, can penetrate any part
Cons: Expensive, people with metal can’t have one, long process, claustrophobic
Computed tomography (CT) Scan
X-rays taken at a specific level of body from all directions to generate 2D slices that may be converted into 3D images by computer
Pros: good for dense structre, non-invasive, used to assist in surgery
Cons: Radiation, expensive
6 characteristics of living things
- Metabolism
- Responsiveness
- Movement
- Growth
- Differentiation
- Reproduction
Components of a feedback loop
- Receptor - monitors changes and alerts control center
- Control Center - interprets info and determines response
- Effector - receives commands and produces a response
Dorsal Cavity
Consists of cranial cavity and vertebral cavity, lined by meninges
Ventral Cavity
Consists of thoracic and abdominopelvic (abdominal and pelvic) cavities
Thoracic Cavity
- Pleural Cavities
- Mediastinum
- Pericardial Cavity
Pleural Cavities
Each encloses 1 lung, lined by pleura
Mediastinum
Space between lungs, contains pericardial cavity, esophagus, trachea, thymus, heart, and great blood vessels
Pericardial Cavity
Contains heart, lined by pericardium
Abdominal Cavity
Contains stomach, spleen, pancreas, liver, gall bladder, small and large intestines
-lined by peritoneum
Pelvic Cavity
Contains urinary bladder, urethra, rectum, and reproductive organs
