Topic 1 - Intro Lecture Flashcards
What is described below and what does it fall under?
“The practice of massage therapy is the assessment of the soft tissues and joints of the body and the treatment and prevention of physical dysfunction and pain of the soft tissues and joints by manipulation to develop, maintain, rehabilitate or augment physical function, or relive pain.”
Scope of Practice
Massage Therapy Act, 1991
What are 3 treatment priorities for massage therapists?
1) Decrease pain
2) Normalize ROM
3) Improve function (strength/endurance)
Causes of _____ include:
- Mechanical (stretch or compression)
- Inflammation
- Referral (TrP, neurological)
- Psychosomatic
Pain
With __________ pain, assessment includes:
- Postural assessment
- Active free ROM
- Passive relaxed ROM
- Muscle length testing
- Palpation
Mechanical Pain
With pain due to ____________, assessment includes:
- Case history
- Observations
- Palpations
Inflammation
With ________ pain, assessment includes:
- TrP patterns
- Palpation
- Muscle length/strength tests
- Dermatomes
- Nerve tension tests
- Tinnel’s
- TOS tests
Referral Pain
With _____________ pain, the physical findings from assessment don’t match.
Psychosomatic Pain
Treatment options for __________ pain include:
- Massage
- Heat
- Stretching
Mechanical Pain
Treatment options for pain caused by ____________ include:
- Lymph drainage/superficial fluid techniques
- Gentle rhythmic techniques
- Low grade joint play
- Hydrotherapy
- Positioning
Inflammation
Treatment options for ________ pain caused by TrPs or neurological include:
- Petrissage
- Heat
- Stretch
- PIR
- Acupuncture
- Massage
- Myofascial techniques
- Nerve mobilization
- Spine joint mobilizations (if nerve root implicated)
Referral Pain
Causes of ____________ include:
- Increased MRT (tone/TrP)
- Myofascial (muscular) extensibility
- Adhesions/scarring
- Periarticular adhesions/contractures
- Swelling
- Pain
- Weakness/inhibition
Hypomobility
With increased ____, assessment includes:
- Passive ROM
- Muscle length testing
- Palpation
- Visual observation
- ‘Stiffness’ may be described
Increased MRT
With __________ extensibility due to hypomobility, assessment includes:
- Passive ROM
- Muscle length testing
- Palpation
- Visual observation
- ‘Stiffness’ may be described
Myofascial Extensibility
With _________/scarring due to hypomobility, assessment includes:
- Passive ROM
- Muscle length testing
- Palpation
- Visual observation
- ‘Stiffness’ may be described
Adhesions/Scarring
With _____________ adhesions/contractures due to hypomobility, assessment includes:
- ROM (active/passive)
- Early capsular end feel
- Postural deviation
Periarticular Adhesions/Contractures
With ________ due to hypomobility, assessment includes:
- Observation
- Palpation
Swelling
With ____ due to hypomobility, assessment includes:
- Subjective data
- Provocation tests
Pain
With ________/inhibition due to hypomobility, assessment includes:
- Postural observation
- Muscle strength testing
Weakness/Inhibition
Treatment options for hypomobility caused by increased ____ include:
- Neuromuscular techniques
- Heat
- Joint play
- Stretch
- PIR
Increased MRT
Treatment options for hypomobility caused by __________ extensibility include:
- Myofascial techniques
- Heat
- Stretch
Myofascial Extensibility
Treatment options for hypomobility caused by _________/scarring include:
- Myofascial techniques
- Frictions
- Heat
- Stretch
Adhesions/Scarring
Treatment options for hypomobility caused by _____________ adhesions/contractures include:
- High grade joint play
Periarticular Adhesions/Contractures
Treatment options for hypomobility caused by ________ include:
- Superficial fluid techniques
- Lymphatic drainage
- Hydrotherapy
- Low grade joint play
- Positioning
Swelling
Treatment options for ____ caused by hypomobility include:
- Treat primary dysfunction
Pain
Treatment options for ________/inhibition caused by hypomobility include:
- Therapeutic exercise
- Tapotement
- Electroacupuncture
Weakness/Inhibition
Causes of _____________ include:
- Trauma/pathology
- Tissue laxity
- Weakness/inhibition
Hypermobility
With ______/pathology due to hypermobility, assessment includes:
- Diagnosis/clinical impression
Trauma/Pathology
With tissue ______ due to hypermobility, assessment includes:
- Postural assessment
- ROM (active/passive)
- Muscle length tests
- Special tests
Tissue Laxity
With weakness/__________ due to hypermobility, assessment includes:
- Postural observation
- Muscle strength testing
Weakness/Inhibition
Treatment options for ______/pathology caused by hypermobility include:
- Treat presenting impairments (modify as needed)
Trauma/Pathology
Treatment options for tissue ______ caused by hypermobility include:
- Therapeutic exercise to strengthen supporting structures
Tissue Laxity
Treatment options for weakness/__________ caused by hypermobility include:
- Therapeutic exercise
- Tapotement
- Electroacupuncture
Weakness/Inhibition
Common modifiers for compromised ______________ health include:
- Positioning (e.g. limit time in prone, treat in sidelying/semi fowler’s)
- Hydrotherapy (e.g. modify temperature, duration, local application vs. general)
- Strokes (e.g. use short/local vs. sweeping fluid techniques)
- Healing (e.g. could be delayed/compromised)
Cardiovascular Health
Common modifiers for ________ include:
- Tissue fragility
- Altered sensation
- Delayed/compromised healing
- Cardiovascular health (long term patients)
Diabetes
We must consider tissue _________ when treating patients with a connective tissue disorder because it can contribute to hyper/hypomobility.
Tissue Fragility
We must consider ___________ that a patient is taking and how it could impact patient feedback and tissue fragility.
Medications
With __________ impairments, the tissues can be altered with manual therapy and remedial exercise to improve function/mechanics.
Functional Impairments
When patients present with __________ impairments, treatment goals should be to normalize tissues and optimize function.
Functional Impairments
When patients present with __________ impairments, there can and should be a defined treatment plan resulting in full resolution and discharge of the patient.
Functional Impairments
With __________ impairments, there are permanent changes to the tissues that cannot be altered with manual therapy.
Structural Impairments
When patients present with __________ impairments, treatment goals shift to managing symptoms and maintaining tissue health/mobility.
Structural Impairments
When patients present with __________ impairments, treatment planning tends to be long term/ongoing ‘maintenance’ treatments as opposed to ‘fixing’ a problem.
Structural Impairments
As we age, the soft tissues and joints slowly but surely begin to __________.
Degenerate
Osteoarthritis, disc degenerations and tendinopathies are considered _______ and sometimes structural impairments that often can’t be ‘fixed.’
Chronic
T/F - It is common to develop short term treatment plans for patients with osteoarthritis.
False - It is common to develop LONG term treatment plans for patients with osteoarthritis.
T/F - When developing a treatment plan for a patient with osteoarthritis, we want to focus on managing their symptoms and maintaining their functionality as much as possible.
True
T/F - Despite the fact that we can’t ‘fix’ some patients, massage therapy can still play a significant role in their long term health, wellness and functionality.
True
Functionally, we live our our lives in a ______ attachment fixed scenario when our feet are on the ground during standing or gait.
Distal Attachment
No joint functions in _________ due to the interdependent nature of the joints in the body.
Isolation
T/F - You are able to isolate hip flexion from knee flexion and dorsiflexion when performing a squat from a standing position.
False - You are NOT able to isolate hip flexion from knee flexion and dorsiflexion when performing a squat from a standing position.
The joints of the lower extremity function as a _____, therefore we need to consider the joints _____ and _____.
Chain
Above and Below
Every joint requires a balance of _________ and ________ to allow for efficient movement, but will have a primary need for one or the other.
Stability and Mobility
A joint’s _______ need is determined by a number of factors including:
- Planes of movement
- Articulation
- Amount of static and dynamic stabilizers (e.g. ligaments, muscles, etc.)
Primary Need
Joints will typically _________ in their primary need in order for us to have the capacity for a large ____, while offering us the stability we need to control that movement.
Alternate
ROM
T/F - If a joint’s primary need is not fulfilled, it will not affect any other joints.
False - If a joint’s primary need is not fulfilled, it will BE PICKED UP BY other joints.
Which colour represents mobile joints compared to stable joints in the human body?
Red = Stable
Blue = Mobile
If a mobile joint has lost ________ due to postural dysfunction or injury, the brain will still achieve a given movement pattern by gaining ________ at another joint above or below.
Mobility
T/F - When mobility is lost at a joint, extra movement will likely be found at a mobile joint.
False - When mobility is lost at a joint, extra movement will likely be found at a STABLE joint because joints alternate in their primary need.
A joint can lack _________ due to:
- Compensatory action
- Lack of static/dynamic supporters
- Muscular weakness
- Previous injury
- Poor endurance
- Neural inhibition
- Poor proprioception
Stability
If a stable joint lacks stability, there will be a lack of _______ during movement and __________ actions can occur at the joint in question or at a joint above or below.
Lack of Control
Substitue Actions
