Topic 1- foundations

Question 1

Collectivist perspective

Answer 1

Prioritise wellbeing of community over individual rights, e.g social welfare programs

Question 2

Individualistic perspective

Answer 2

emphasises personal freedom and responsibility, eg reduce government intervention

Question 3

Inputs to an EVS

Answer 3

Education, religion, family, economic, political (communism), media (Social, TV)

Question 4

Outputs of an EVS

Answer 4

How the environment is perceived and valued. What decisions are made concerning the environment and what action is taken based on this

Question 5

Ecocentrism features

Answer 5

• Nature has inherent value
• minimum disturbance
• ecology central to humanity
• self-imposed restraint on use of natural resources
• less materialistic
• integrate environmental, social and spiritual approaches
• emphasise environmental education
• prioritise bio-rights

Question 6

Anthropocentrism

Answer 6

• Humans to sustainably manage global systems
• resources for own benefit and human needs are prioritised
• use of taxes, legislation, regulations
• everyone in society participates in environmental decision making
• be environmental stewards
• economic growth and exploitation can continue if sustainably managed
• preserve biodiversity for economic as well as environmental advantages

Question 7

Technocentrism

Answer 7

• Tech will provide solutions to problems
• humans continue to exploit and push systems beyond their limits
• understand systems to control and manipulate them
• scientific research and predictions to inform policy
• importance of sustaining the global market
• ensure continued economic growth