Topic 1 CVS Lecture 1 Flashcards
What are the aortic and pulmonary valves and what do they do?
They are valves between the ventricles and either the aorta or the pulmonary artery. They maintain flow in one direction only.
What are the atrioventricular valves?
They are the valves between the atria and the ventricles that maintain blood flow in one direction only.
Where is the mitral, or bicuspid, valve located?
Between left atrium and ventricle.
Where is the tricuspid valve located?
Between the right atrium and ventricle
Which side of the heart does the aorta receive blood from?
Left
Which side of the heart does the pulmonary artery receive blood from?
Right
What is the relationship between fluid flow and pressure difference?
Flow is proportional to pressure difference.
What does it mean if flow is ‘laminar’?
It is streamlined and parallel, not turbulence.
Is turbulent flow silent or noisy?
Noisy
What does it mean when a valve is ‘stenotic’?
It means the valve is narrow, it doesn’t open fully and this leads to turbulent flow past the valve, heard as a murmur.
What does it mean when a valve is ‘insufficient’ or ‘leaky’?
It means that the valve is allowing turbulent backflow of fluid. Heard as a murmur.
What is the relationship between resistance and radius of a vessel?
Resistance is inversely proportional to the fourth power of the radius. R=1/r^4
What is the relationship between flow and radius of a vessel?
Flow is proportional to the fourth power of the radius.
What is the hematocrit?
% volume of blood occupied by RBCs
What is the normal hematocrit in men and women?
Men = 45% Women = 42%
