Topic 1 Cell Biology Flashcards
What is a eukaryotic cell?
A eukaryotic cell is a cell that has a nucleus and other parts inside it, all protected by membranes. Animals and plants are made of these cells.
What is a prokayrotic cell?
A prokaryotic cell is a smaller, simpler cell that doesn’t have a nucleus. Bacteria are made of prokaryotic cells.
What is the function of the nucleus in the animal cell?
Contains genetic material that controls the activities of the cell
What is the function of the mitochondria?
Where the reactions take place, where respiration occurs
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
Where the chemical reactions happen, it contains enzymes that controls these chemical reactions
What is the function of the cell membrane?
Hold the cell together and controls what goes in and out
What is the purpose of the ribosomes?
Where proteins are made in the cell
What is the function of the cell wall and what is it made from?
Made of cellulose, supports the cell and strengthens it.
What is the function of the chloroplasts?
where photosynthesis occurs, makes food for the plant and contain chlorophyll which absorbs the might for photosynthesis.
Are bacteria prokayotes or eukaryotes?
Prokayrotes, they don’t have a ‘true’ nucleus, they have a single strand of DNA that floats freely in the cytoplasm.
What are the parts in a bacterium?
❌chloroplasts
❌mitochondria
✅cell membrane
✅cytoplasm
✅cell wall
✅plasmid
What is the equation for magnification?
imagine size = magnification x real size
What is cell differentiation?
Differentiation is the process by which a cell changed to become specialised for its job.
True of false: the ability to differentiate is lost at an early stage after they become specialised
True
True or false: plant cells can’t differentiate
False, they can’t, plant cells never loose the ability to differentiate
What is cell differentiation usually used for in mature animals?
repairing and replacing cells, such as skin or blood cells
