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Biology :) (Mrs Paterson) > Topic 1- Cell Biology :) > Flashcards

Topic 1- Cell Biology :) Flashcards

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1
Q

What cell structures are included within an animal cell?

A
  • Nucleus
  • Cytoplasm
  • Cell membrane
  • Ribosomes
  • Mitochondria
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2
Q

What cell structures are included within a plant cell?

A
  • Nucleus
  • Vacuole
  • Cell wall
  • Cell membrane
  • Chloroplast
  • Cytoplasm
  • Ribosomes
  • Mitochondria
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3
Q

What cell structures are included within a bacterial Cell?

A
  • Ribosomes
  • Cell wall
  • Cell membrane
  • Cytoplasm
  • Plasma
  • Long strand of DNA
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4
Q

What cell structures are included within a fungal cell?

A
  • Ribosomes
  • Mitochondria
  • Cell wall
  • Cell membrane
  • Cytoplasm
  • Nucleus
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5
Q

What is the function of the Nucleus?

A

To control all cell activities

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6
Q

What is the function of the cell membrane?

A

To control entry and exit of materials

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7
Q

What is the function of the cell wall

A

To stop cell bursting when full of water

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8
Q

What is the function of the vacuole?

A

To store cell sap

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9
Q

What is the function of tue chloroplast?

A

It is the site of photosynthesis

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10
Q

What is the function of the Cytoplasm?

A

It is the sight of chemical reactions

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11
Q

What is the function of the Ribosomes?

A

They make proteins out of amino acids

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12
Q

What is the function of the mitochondrion

A

It is the sight of aerobic respiration

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13
Q

Describe diffusion

A

Diffusion is when molecules from an area of high concentration move to an area of low concentration (moving down a concentration gradient)

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14
Q

Diffusion is a PASSIVE process. What does this mean?

A

A passive process means it does not require energy

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15
Q

What is a selectively permeable membrane?

A

This means that it only allows small molecules to pass through

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16
Q

What is diffusion essential for?

A
  • the exchange of respitory gases
  • the movement of dissolved food
  • the movement of gases during photosynthesis
17
Q

A concentration gradient exists when…

A

There is a difference on concentration at either side of a cell (between cells and their environment)

18
Q

Two substances that will Diffuse into a cell-

A

Oxygen and glucose

19
Q

Two substances that will diffuse out of a cell-

A

Carbon dioxide and water= energy

20
Q

If there are 4 molecules inside of a cell and 6 outside of the cell, in which direction would they move?

A

They would go to the inside of the cell

21
Q

Name type of molecule in the cell membrane that allowes substances to pass through

A

Protein channel/ pore

22
Q

Describe osmosis

A

The movement of water molecules from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration through a selectively permeable membrane. (It is a passive process)

23
Q

What is the definition of “selectively permeable”?

A

This means that only molecules of a certain size can pass through the membrane

24
Q

What is the definition of “selectively permeable”?

A

This means that only molecules of a certain size can pass through the membrane

25
Q

What is diffusion?

A

Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration (moving down a concentration gradient)

26
Q

Describe a concentration gradient

A

The difference in concentration between an area of high concentration of a substance and an area of low concentration of a substance.
Different concentration gradient of substances exist between cells and their environment

27
Q

Diffusion in single- celled organisms

A

Single celled organisms rely on diffusion to keep them alive.

28
Q

Diffusion in single- celled organisms

A

Single celled organisms rely on diffusion to keep them alive.

29
Q

Whay equation is used to describe diffusion in single- celled organisms?

A

O²+glucose -> CO²+H²O = energy

(Oxygen and glucose diffuse INTO the cell
Carbon dioxide and other wastes diffuse OUT of the cell)

30
Q

What is diffusion essential for in Multicellular organisms?

A
  • the exchange of respitory gases between the lungs and capillaries
  • the movement of dissolved food from the villi in the small intestine to the blood capillaries
  • the movement of gases during photosynthesis between plant sonata and the atmosphere
31
Q

Describe the structure of DNA

A

A double stranded helix

32
Q

Describe the base pairing rule

A

Adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T)
Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G)

Biology :) (Mrs Paterson) (3 decks)

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