Topic 1 - Atomic Structure & the Periodic Table Flashcards
What is the first ionisation energy definition?
The energy needed to remove one electron from each atom in 1 mole of gaseous atoms to form 1 mole of gaseous 1+ ions.
What is the second ionisation energy
definition?
The second ionisation energy is the energy needed to remove 1 electron from each ion in 1 mole of gaseous 1+ ions to form 1 mole of gaseous 2+ ions.
What is the relative atomic mass definition?
The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12 which has a mass of 12.
What is the definition of relative isotopic mass?
the mass of an atom of an isotope relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12 which has a mass of 12.
What elements have exceptions to the usual rules of filling electron shell configurations?
Chromium and Copper - both fill 3d first
What is the Pauli Exclusion Principe?
Two electrons cannot occupy the same orbital unless they have opposite spins. Electron spin is usually shown by the use of upward + downward arrows.
What flame test colour does lithium go?
Red
What flame test colour does sodium go?
Yellow
What flame test colour does potassium go?
Lilac
What flame test colour does Calcium go?
Orange red
What flame test colour does barium go?
Green
What flame test colour does copper go?
Green blue
Why do the flame tests change colour? What causes this?
When electrons are promoted/jump from their ground state to a higher level, they also return to their ground state, which is when the visible light is emitted.
What three things affect the ionisation energy?
Atomic Radius
Nuclear Charge
Elctron Shielding
What happens to the first ionisation energies as you go down group one?
They decrease
