Topic 1: Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table definitions

Question 1

alkali metals

Answer 1

the elements in group 1 of the periodic table

Question 2

atom

Answer 2

the smallest part of an element that can exist. all substances are made up of atoms

Question 3

atomic nucleus

Answer 3

Positively charged object composed of protons and neutrons at the centre of every atom with one or more electrons orbiting it.

Question 4

atomic number

Answer 4

the number of protons in the nucleus

Question 5

chromatography

Answer 5

A separation technique used to separate a mixture of chemicals by
distributing the components between two phases

Question 6

compound

Answer 6

a substance made up of two or more types of atoms chemically combined together

Question 7

crystallisation

Answer 7

A separation technique used to produce solid crystals from a solution by evaporating the solvent

Question 8

displacement

Answer 8

A chemical reaction in which a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its compound

Question 9

electron

Answer 9

negatively charged subatomic particle which orbit the nucleus at various energy levels, very small relative mass (negligible)

Question 10

electron shell

Answer 10

different energy levels in atoms occupied by electrons

Question 11

element

Answer 11

a substance made up of only one type of atom

Question 12

filtration

Answer 12

a separation technique used to separate solids from liquids

Question 13

fractional distillation

Answer 13

A method of separating a mixture of substances according to their different boiling points

Question 14

Group (periodic table)

Answer 14

​The columns of the periodic table represent different groups of elements. Elements with similar properties are in the same group

Question 15

halogens

Answer 15

the elements in group 7 of the periodic table

Question 16

ion

Answer 16

An atom or molecule with an electric charge due to the loss or gain of electrons