Topic 1: Atomic Structure And Bonding

Question 1

Isotopes

Answer 1

All atoms of an element must have the same number of electrons and therefore protons.
Some elements are made up of sting with different masses. Each different atom of the element will have a different mass number.
As the number of protons is the same in each case, the number of neutrons must be different.

Question 2

Relative atomic mass

Answer 2

(Weighted mean) mass of each atom of an element. On a scale when 1 atom of (superscript left) 12C is exactly 12

Question 3

Protons

Answer 3

Atomic number

Question 4

Neutrons

Answer 4

Minus the atomic number form the relative mass

Question 5

Electrons

Answer 5

Use the atomic number

Question 6

Atom

Answer 6

The smallest part of an element. It has no charge due to have equal numbers of protons and electrons.

Question 7

Nucleus

Answer 7

This is the centre of the atom. The protons and neutrons are packed tightly together here. The nucleus is positively charged.

Question 8

Shells

Answer 8

Electrons are found in shells orbiting the nucleus.

Question 9

Relative molecular mass

Answer 9

Mass of each molecule on a scale where 1 atom of (superscript left) 12C is exactly 12.

Question 10

Relative formula mass

Answer 10

Mass of each formula unit on a scale where 1 atom of (superscript left) 12C is exactly 12.

Question 11

Noble gases

Answer 11

An element that has a full outer shell of electrons so therefore unreactive

Question 12

Ions

Answer 12

Formed when an element loses or gains electrons to end up with a full outer shell

Question 13

Covalent bond

Answer 13

Sharing a pair of electrons between two atoms

Question 14

Molecule

Answer 14

Two or more atoms covalently bonded together. Molecules have no charge as they have an equal number of protons and electrons.