Topic 1 (Atomic Structure)

Question 1

Define atomic number.

Answer 1

The positive number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

Question 2

Define mass/nucleon number.

Answer 2

The number of positive protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

Question 3

Where is the mass of an atom located and why?

Answer 3

The mass of an atom is located in the nucleus because that’s where the protons and nucleons are AND the mass of electrons are neglected.

Question 4

Define the term element.

Answer 4

An element is a substance that contains only one kind of atom and can not be broken down into anything simpler.

Question 5

Define isotopes.

Answer 5

Isotopes are atoms of the same element having the same number of protons with different number of neutrons.

Question 6

What are the two types of isotopes?

Answer 6

Radioactive - Isotopes with unstable nuclei
Nonradioactive - Isotopes with stable nuclei

Question 7

Describe the physical properties of transition elements.

Answer 7

*Hard, tough, and strong.
*High melting points (with the exception of mercury).
*High density.
*Some transition elements show magnetism.

Question 8

Describe the chemical properties of transition elements.

Answer 8

*They are much less reactive than Group 1 Metals.
*They act as catalysts.
*They form colored compounds.
*They have more than one oxidation states.