Topic 1: An Overview of Computers and Logic

Question 1

The physical and tangible parts of the computer (the equipment and devices)

Answer 1

Hardware

Question 2

The programs that contain instructions for the computer

Answer 2

Software

Question 3

1. Input
2. Output
3. Process
4. Output
5. Storage

Answer 3

Computer Operations

Question 4

Entering data into the computer system

Answer 4

Input

Question 5

Data entered is processed and undergo operations

Answer 5

Process

Question 6

Processed data is presented as information

Answer 6

Output

Question 7

Information is saved to be used later

Answer 7

Storage

Question 8

A computer software designed to perform a group of coordinated functions, tasks, or activities for the users

Answer 8

Application Software

Question 9

Designed to be a platform for other programs. Can be classified as either operating systems (OS) or utility programs

Answer 9

System Software

Question 10

User –> _________ –> __________ –> Hardware

Answer 10

Application Software…Operating System

Question 11

An effective method for solving a problem using a finite sequence of instructions

Answer 11

Algorithm

Question 12

Algorithms are used for:

Answer 12

1. Calculation
2. Data processing
3. And many other fields

Question 13

Step-by-step sequence of instructions that describe how the data is to be processed to produce the desired output

Answer 13

Algorithms

Question 14

The translation of the selected algorithm into a language the computer can use

Answer 14

Programming

Question 15

The process of writing, testing, debugging/troubleshooting, and maintaining the source code of computer programs

Answer 15

Programming or coding

Question 16

English-like phrases used to describe the algorithm

Answer 16

Pseudocode

Question 17

An outline of a program written in the form that can be easily converted into real programming statements

Answer 17

Pseudocode

Question 18

Description of a mathematical equation; a concise way of expressing information symbolically

Answer 18

Formula

Question 19

A diagram showing the flow of instructions in an algorithm

Answer 19

Flowchart

Question 20

Indicates the beginning or end of a program

Answer 20

Terminal

Question 21

Indicates an input or output operation

Answer 21

Input/Output

Question 22

Indicates computation or data manipulation

Answer 22

Process

Question 23

Used to connect other flowchart symbols and indicate the logic flow

Answer 23

Flow Lines

Question 24

Indicates a program branch point

Answer 24

Decision

Question 25

Indicates the initial, limit, and increment values of a loop

Answer 25

Loop/Initialization

Question 26

Indicates a predefined process, as in calling a function

Answer 26

Predefined Process

Question 27

Indicates an entry to, or exit from, another part of the flowchart or a connection point

Answer 27

Connector

Question 28

Indicates a written output report

Answer 28

Report

Question 29

Defines the order in which instructions are executed

Answer 29

Sequence

Question 30

Allows a choice between different operations, based on some condition

Answer 30

Selection

Question 31

Allows the same operation to be repeated based on some condition; also called looping or repetition

Answer 31

Iteration

Question 32

Involves invoking a set of statements when needed

Answer 32

Invocation

Question 33

This identifies the methods for solving problems are creating software solutions

Answer 33

Software development procedure

Question 34

Phase 1: Development and Design
Phase 2: Documentation
Phase 3: Maintenance

Answer 34

Software development procedure

Question 35

Discipline concerned with creating efficient, reliable, maintainable software

Answer 35

Software Engineering

Question 36

Request for a program or a statement of a problem

Answer 36

Program Requirement

Question 37

Phase 1 has four steps:

Answer 37

1. Analysis
2. Design
3. Coding
4. Testing

Question 38

Phase 2:

Answer 38

Documentation

Question 39

Phase 3:

Answer 39

Maintenance