Topic 1-3

Question 1

types of fats

Answer 1

unsaturated - which is good for our body because it lowers cholesterol levels (salmon, walnuts, avocadoes, olive oil)
saturated fats - unhealthy fats (baked goods, milk, dairy products)
trans fats - worst fat, increases bad cholesterol level and decreases good cholesterol, at risk for heart diseases (chocolates, cakes, ice cream, fried chicken)

Question 2

what are micronutrients

Answer 2

these are vitamins and minerals needed by our body in small amounts although they play a vital role in our life

Question 3

give the three macronutrients

Answer 3

carbohydrates, protein, fats

Question 4

fat-soluble vitamins

Answer 4

these are vitamins that are best consumed with fats because fats help in the absorption of vitamins A, D, and E which helps in our immune system, proper vision, antioxidants, and more (sweet potatoes, spinach, carrots, fish oil, milk, almonds and sunlight)

Question 5

sources of complex carbs

Answer 5

whole grains, legumes, starches like potatoes, corn, and peas

Question 6

what are proteins

Answer 6

chain of amino acids called polypeptides and are the building blocks of life

Question 7

what are nutrients

Answer 7

molecules that our cells need in order to function and to sustain life

Question 8

six classes of nutrients

Answer 8

fats, carbs, protein, water, vitamins, minerals

Question 9

functions of proteins

Answer 9

enzymes
structure
defense
storage
transport
contractile

Question 10

two types of carbohydrates

Answer 10

simple and complex carbohydrates

Question 11

trace minerals

Answer 11

small quantities of minerals
zinc - for normal growth, immune function, and wound healing (oysters, crabs, red meat, poultry)

Question 12

functions of fats

Answer 12

source of fatty acids that the body cannot make on its own. helps in the absorption of vitamins A, D, and E. It functions as an energy reserve and protects our organs.

Question 13

what are carbohydrates

Answer 13

carbs are the body’s primary
source of energy

Question 14

functions of carbs

Answer 14

energy production
energy storage
building macromolecules
sparing proteins

Question 15

sources of simple carbs

Answer 15

refined sugars such as candies, sweets, fruits, and dairy products

Question 16

give the two micronutrients

Answer 16

vitamins and minerals

Question 17

what is malnutrition

Answer 17

it is a result of having insufficient or too many nutrients than what our body needs

Question 18

macrominerals

Answer 18

these are large amounts of minerals such as calcium which is for the proper structure of our bones and teeth (milk, leafy greens, and fortified products)

Question 19

water-soluble

Answer 19

vitamins that dissolve in water and travel freely in our bodies.

Question 20

what are micronutrients

Answer 20

nutrients taken in small amount

Question 21

what are macromolecules

Answer 21

these are nutrients taken/needed in large amounts

Question 22

what are fats

Answer 22

energy reserve

Question 23

explain simple and complex carbohydrates

Answer 23

simple carbs - broken down quickly.
complex carbs - takes time be broken down

Question 24

food sources of proteins

Answer 24

meat, poultry, seafood, egg, dairy products

Question 25

monosaccharides

Answer 25

glucose - honey
fructose - fruit sugars
galactose - milk

Question 26

disacchasarides

Answer 26

sucrose - sugar cube
lactose - ice cream
maltose - beer

Question 27

polysaccharides

Answer 27

starches fibers glycogen

Question 28

Vitamin A function and sources

Answer 28

for proper vision and organ function
sources: sweet potatoes, carrots, spinach, liver, fish, dairy products

Question 29

vitamin D function and sources

Answer 29

immune function and assists in calcium absorption and growth
source: sunlight, fish oil, milk

Question 30

Vitamin E

Answer 30

antioxidant
sources: almonds, sunflower seeds

Question 31

Vitamin K

Answer 31

blood clotting and proper bone development
sources: leafy greens, soybeans, pumpkin