topic 1-3

Question 1

pascal’s principle and its application

Answer 1

“Pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to every part of the fluid, as well as to the walls of the container”
-> principal application in the hydraulic lift

Question 2

archimedes principles and its application

Answer 2

When a body immersed in a fluid is less dense than the fluid, it will float
->ships and hot air ballons

Question 3

supperficial tension

Answer 3

is when a liquid’s surface acts as a membrane in tension. It is caused because all the molecules of a liquid attract each other in all directions. However, the molecules on the surface attract just sideways and downward, this makes the attraction force to be bigger on the surface

Question 4

capillarity concepts

Answer 4

Capillarity is the fluid’s capacity to go up through a capillary tube (of a very small diameter).On a liquid, if its molecules have more adhesion than cohesion, the liquid adheres to the container walls, this causes a capillarity elevation of the surface. On the other hand, if cohesion is greater, it will originate a capillarity decrease

Question 5

Bernoulli’s theorem

Answer 5

the change of pressure in a fluid will be equal to the addition of the change in height plus the change in speed

Question 6

Torricelli’s theorem

Answer 6

is a simplification of Bernoulli’s equation
useful to calculate the speed at which a liquid will be moving, if there is no change in pressure and only the gravity acts on it.

Question 7

concepts of laminar flow, viscosity and turbulence.

Answer 7

LAMINAR FLOW: he fluid travels smoothly or in regular paths
VISCOSITY: is the resistance of a fluid (liquid or gas) to a change in shape or movement of neighbouring portions relative to one another.
TURBULENCE: happens when a smooth fluid flow starts to split into smaller eddies and vortices.

Question 8

simple harmonic movement.

Answer 8

repetitive movement back and forth through an equilibrium, or central, position, so that the maximum displacement on one side of this position is equal to the maximum displacement on the other side. The time interval of each complete vibration is the same.
force responsible for the motion is always directed toward the equilibrium position and is directly proportional to the distance from it.

Question 9

angular speed.

Answer 9

basically the radious

Question 10

Vibration sources.

A,P,F

Answer 10

amplitude: max displacement from the equilibrium position

period: time a body takes to go back to its original position

frequency: how much it moves in one second