Topic 1 & 2 Forces & Motion

Question 1

1 Runner A finishes a race in less time than runner B. Who is faster?

Answer 1

runner A

Question 2

2 What two measurements are needed to calculate a speed?

Answer 2

distance and time

Question 3

3 What is the SI unit for speed?

Answer 3

m/s

Question 4

4 What does acceleration mean?

Answer 4

speeding up or slowing down

Question 5

5 What is a force?

Answer 5

push or pull

Question 6

6 How do we represent forces on diagrams?

Answer 6

arrows, with length depending on size of force

Question 7

7 What does mass mean?

Answer 7

amount of substance

Question 8

8 What is the unit for mass?

Answer 8

kilogram

Question 9

9 What does a vector have that a scalar does not?

Answer 9

direction

Question 10

10 Name a scalar and a vector measured in metres.

Answer 10

distance, displacement

Question 11

11 Name a scalar and a vector measured in metres/second.

Answer 11

speed, velocity

Question 12

12 Name a vector with units of newtons.

Answer 12

force or weight

Question 13

13 Is mass a vector or scalar?

Answer 13

scalar

Question 14

14 Is energy a vector or scalar?

Answer 14

scalar

Question 15

15 What is acceleration?

Answer 15

a change in velocity

Question 16

16 Why is acceleration a vector?

Answer 16

it is measuring a change in another vector

Question 17

17 What is the difference between speed and velocity?

Answer 17

velocity has a direction/is a vector

Question 18

18 What is the equation for calculating speed?

Answer 18

speed = distance / time

Question 19

19 What is the SI unit for speed?

Answer 19

metres per second

Question 20

20 What is average speed?

Answer 20

total distance / time for whole journey

Question 21

21 What is the equation for calculating distance?

Answer 21

distance = speed x time

Question 22

22 How is a constant speed shown on a distance/time graph?

Answer 22

straight, sloping line

Question 23

23 What does a horizontal line on a distance/time graph show?

Answer 23

stationary object

Question 24

24 What is the speed of sound in air?

Answer 24

approximately 330m/s

Question 25

25 How is a stationary object shown on a distance/time graph?

Answer 25

horizontal line

Question 26

26 How can you tell which part of a journey shown on a distance/time graph has the highest speed?

Answer 26

steepest line

Question 27

27 How can you calculate velocity from a distance/time graph?

Answer 27

gradient of line

Question 28

28 What does acceleration mean?

Answer 28

change in velocity in time

Question 29

29 What are the units for acceleration?

Answer 29

metres per second squared

Question 30

30 In the acceleration equation, what does u stand for?

Answer 30

initial velocity

Question 31

31 In the acceleration equation, what does v stand for?

Answer 31

final velocity

Question 32

32 What is the equation for calculating acceleration?

Answer 32

change in velocity/time, or

Question 33

33 What is the acceleration due to gravity?

Answer 33

10m/s2 to 1 sig. fig or 9.8m/s2 to 2 sig. fig.

Question 34

34 What is the force that pulls us towards the Earth?

Answer 34

gravity

Question 35

35 What is 'drag' another name for?

Answer 35

air resistance or water resistance

Question 36

36 What are balanced forces?

Answer 36

forces of the same size in opposite directions

Question 37

37 What do we call the forwards force produced by an aeroplane's engine or propeller?

Answer 37

thrust

Question 38

38 What word describes both the speed and direction of movement of an object?

Answer 38

velocity

Question 39

39 What is the name for a single force on an object with the same effect as all the forces combined?

Answer 39

resultant

Question 40

40 How do we describe the forces on an object when the force in one direction is bigger than the force in the other?

Answer 40

unbalanced

Question 41

41 Two forces on an object are in the same direction. How do we calculate the resultant force?

Answer 41

add

Question 42

42 Two forces on an object are in opposite directions. How do we calculate the resultant force?

Answer 42

find the difference between them

Question 43

43 What does the length of a force arrow on a diagram represent?

Answer 43

size of force

Question 44

44 An aeroplane has thrust of 2000N and drag of 1800N. What is the resultant?

Answer 44

200N forwards

Question 45

45 Air resistance on a cyclist is 20N and friction is 5N. What is the total force trying to slow the cyclist down?

Answer 45

25N backwards

Question 46

46 Name a vector quantity that changes as a car drives at constant speed around a roundabout.

Answer 46

velocity

Question 47

47 What are unbalanced forces?

Answer 47

forces of different sizes in opposite directions

Question 48

48 What is the direction of the resultant force on a car that is speeding up?

Answer 48

forwards

Question 49

49 What is the direction of the resultant force on a bicycle that is slowing down?

Answer 49

backwards

Question 50

50 How does a sideways resultant force affect the velocity of a moving object?

Answer 50

changes its direction

Question 51

51 How can the pilot of an aeroplane make the plane gain speed upwards?

Answer 51

increase the lift/upwards force

Question 52

52 How do balanced forces affect the velocity of a moving car?

Answer 52

The car continues with the same velocity.

Question 53

53 You pedal harder on a bicycle. What happens?

Answer 53

you accelerate/get faster

Question 54

54 H What is the name of the force that makes objects move in a circular path?

Answer 54

centripetal

Question 55

55 H What provides the centripetal force for a car going around a roundabout?

Answer 55

friction

Question 56

56 H What are the forces on a moon orbiting around a planet?

Answer 56

gravity acting towards the planet

Question 57

57 H In which direction does centripetal force act?

Answer 57

towards the centre of the circle .

Question 58

58 Why is the force of gravity greater on a lorry than on a car?

Answer 58

larger mass

Question 59

59 Why is the resultant force accelerating a car usually less than the force provided by its engine?

Answer 59

air resistance and/or friction

Question 60

60 Name one force that usually has to be taken into account when working out the resultant force on a moving object

Answer 60

drag or friction

Question 61

61 When will a resultant force act to slow a car down?

Answer 61

when backwards forces are greater than forwards ones

Question 62

62 How can friction act to make a car speed up?

Answer 62

between tyres and road

Question 63

63 How can friction act to make a car slow down?

Answer 63

in brakes

Question 64

64 What is the formula linking force, mass and acceleration?

Answer 64

F = m x a

Question 65

65 An object is moving at a constant velocity. What can you say about the forces on it?

Answer 65

balanced

Question 66

66 What is the equation relating these factors?

Answer 66

speed = distance / time

Question 67

67 What type of force is used to slow down a moving vehicle?

Answer 67

friction

Question 68

68 Where is this force applied?

Answer 68

brakes, tyres

Question 69

69 Why is a wet road more slippery than a dry one?

Answer 69

water acts as lubricant

Question 70

70 An object has a negative acceleration. What does this mean?

Answer 70

it is slowing down

Question 71

71 What effect does drinking alcohol have on human reaction times?

Answer 71

slows them down/makes them longer

Question 72

72 How will being tired affect reaction time?

Answer 72

make it longer

Question 73

73 What does ?braking distance? mean?

Answer 73

the distance a car travels while slowing down

Question 74

74 What does ?thinking distance? mean?

Answer 74

the distance a car travels while the driver is reacting to a danger and deciding to apply the brakes

Question 75

75 How does speed affect the thinking distance?

Answer 75

higher speed, longer thinking distance/thinking distance directly proportional to speed

Question 76

76 How does speed affect the braking distance?

Answer 76

higher speed, longer braking distance/braking distance proportional to speed squared

Question 77

77 How does the force needed for an acceleration depend on the size of the acceleration?

Answer 77

larger acceleration, larger force needed

Question 78

78 What does deceleration mean?

Answer 78

slowing down/a negative acceleration

Question 79

79 H What factors affect the momentum of a moving object?

Answer 79

mass, velocity

Question 80

80 H How does the mass affect momentum?

Answer 80

higher mass, higher momentum

Question 81

81 H How does the velocity affect momentum?

Answer 81

higher velocity, higher momentum

Question 82

82 H What does momentum is conserved mean?

Answer 82

total momentum is the same before and after a collision