Topic 1 Flashcards
It encompass the tools, frameworks, programming languages, and protocols used to create, manage, and interact with websites and web applications.
Web Technologies
The purpose of this is the development of user-friendly, interactive, and dynamic websites or web-based systems, supporting functionalities like e-commerce, communication, and multimedia streaming.
Web Technologies
It spans both client-side (frontend) and server-side (backend) development, as well as protocols like HTTP/HTTPS and APIs that facilitate data exchange and communication over the internet.
Web Technologies
These are synonymous in the minds of many, but they have different meanings.
The Internet and World Wide Web
Internet is short for ____________
Interconnected Network
is the collection of computers that can communicate with one another using TCP/IP over an open, global communications network.
Internet
is a giant network of networks.
Internet
It may include PCs, and other devices like servers or printers.
Network
Computers connected to the _______ can communicate with one another with a number of protocols such as HTTP, SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), FTP (File Transfer Protocol), IRC (Internet relay chat), IM (instant messaging), Telnet, and P2P (peer-to-peer).
Internet
Responsible for breaking data into packets for efficient transmission.
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
Ensures packets are received, reassembled, and delivered accurately to the destination.
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
Handles the addressing and routing of packets to ensure they reach the correct destination.
IP (Internet Protocol)
Assigns a unique numerical address (IP address) to each device on the Internet.
IP (Internet Protocol)
is a user-friendly, readable address for accessing websites, replacing complex numerical IP addresses.
Domain Names
It is managed through the Domain Name System (DNS), which translates _________ into IP addresses
Domain Names
What are the types of Domain name
Country Code Top Level Domains (ccTLDs)
Generic Top Level Domains (gTLDs)
Second Level Domains
Third Level Domains
these are domain extensions specific to countries or territories.
Country Code Top Level Domains (ccTLDs)
It is an Internet top-level domain generally used or reserved for a country, sovereign state, or dependent territory identified with a
Country Code Top Level Domains (ccTLDs)
These are domain extensions that are not tied to specific countries.
Generic Top Level Domains (gTLDs)
It is an unrestricted domains that those domains are available for registrations by any person or organization for any use.
Generic Top Level Domains (gTLDs)
It is the part of the domain name that identifies the organization or individual. Often chosen to reflect a brand, service, or personal identity.
Second Level Domains
This commonly refer to the organization that registered the domain name with a domain name registrar.
Second Level Domains
Also known as a subdomain, is an optional part of the domain name.
Third Level Domains
It is the segment that is found directly to the left of the first-level or second-level domain.
Third Level Domains
No person or organization owns the entire ____
Internet
This is similar to the motorway and road system, where each town or state owns and maintains the roads in its jurisdiction.
Internet
Just like roads, the _______is a shared space that connects us all!
Internet
Each network within the _______ is owned by an organization.
Internet
It is a basic structure for accessing the internet. But with new technologies today, it is not the only means of going through the internet.
World Wide Web
The web is different from other systems because it uses __________
HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
The Web was created by ____.
Tim Berners-Lee or Timothy John Berners-Lee
He is also the one of the current leaders of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).
Tim Berners-Lee or Timothy John Berners-Lee
What is Tim Berners Lee known as?
TimBL
When was TimBL born?
June 8 1955
He is a professorial research fellow at the University of Oxford and a professor emeritus at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Tim Berners-Lee or Timothy John Berners-Lee
He is a professorial research fellow at the University of Oxford and a professor emeritus at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Tim Berners-Lee or Timothy John Berners-Lee
He is an English computer scientist best known as the inventor of the World Wide Web
Tim Berners-Lee or Timothy John Berners-Lee
Enumerate all the web protocols
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
It is a protocol for sending email messages between servers. It defines how email clients and servers interact to transmit and deliver email.
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
It is a protocol used for transferring files between computers on a network. It allows users to upload and download files to and from a remote server.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
It is the foundation of communication on the web. It defines how messages are formatted and transmitted between web browsers and web servers.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
It is a protocol that uses a client-server model, where the browser sends a request to the server, and the server responds with the requested data.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
When was the first phase of internet?
1991-2004
It featured static web pages with minimal interactivity.
Web 1.0
Advertisements were rare, making the browsing experience less commercialized.
Web 1.0
Operated as a content delivery network (CDN) , with users relying on directories for navigation.
Web 1.0
This era laid the foundation for the internet’s evolution, focusing on information display over interaction.
Web 1.0
It is known as the participative social web
Web 2.0
It emphasizes user-generated content, usability, and interoperability.
Web 2.0
Marked an evolution from static Web 1.0 to dynamic and interactive web experiences.
Web 2.0
The Key features of this includes online collaboration, social networking, and content sharing, enabling users to both consume and contribute.
Web 2.0
Fostered global connectivity, democratized content creation, and enabled real-time interaction
Web 2.0
It is also called the Semantic Web
Web 3.0
It envisions an internet where machines understand and interpret content, enabling more intelligent search results and personalized recommendations.
Web 3.0
Leverages technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, natural language processing, and linked data for enhanced automation and efficiency.
Web 3.0
Emerging concepts like the Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain are integral to it, enabling seamless connectivity and secure data exchanges.
Web 3.0
While still a work in progress, ______ aims to transform the internet into a more intelligent, user-focused, and decentralized ecosystem.
Web 3.0
What is the full name of the Tim Berners-Lee
Timothy John Berners-Lee
It is a connection between an endless number of scattered server and devices
Internet
It is an area of information transfer aided by the internet.
World Wide Web
It is safe to say that we can compare the ________ to a building and the ______ is the service.
Internet
The Web
is a software application for accessing information on the World Wide Web
Web Browser
colloquially termed a web address, is a reference to a web resource that specifies its location on a computer network and a mechanism for retrieving it.
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
It is the unique address for a file that is accessible on the Internet.
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
What are the web components
Webpage
Website
Web Application
a single, standalone document that is part of a larger website.
Webpage
It is static or dynamic and primarily focuses on presenting content like text, images, videos, or links.
Webpage
are often informational and are accessed via a unique URL.
Webpage
is an interconnected collection of multiple webpages, often designed to serve a specific purpose, such as delivering information, showcasing products, or providing services.
Website
are built using HTML, CSS, and maybe a little bit of JavaScript.
Website
is a dynamic and interactive program accessed through a web browser, combining the elements of a website with software-like functionality.
Web Application
Unlike a static website, this processes user input, performs computations, and often requires authentication or user accounts.
Web Application
is a program or computer machine that generates and transmits responses to client requests for Web resources using HTTP protocol.
Web Server
Every computer on the Internet that contains a Website must have a ____________ program.
Web Server
Any computer can be turned into a _______ by installing server software and connecting the machine to the Internet.
Web Server
What are some of the types of web servers
Apache HTTP Server
Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS)
commonly referred to as Apache is a web server software program which gave the initial boost for the growth of the World Wide Web.
Apache HTTP Server
The server is aimed at serving a great deal of widely popular modern web platforms/operating systems such as Unix, Windows, Linux, Solaris, Novell NetWare, FreeBSD, Mac OS X, Microsoft Windows, OS/2, etc/
Apache HTTP Server
is one of the components of Microsoft Windows and is Microsoft’s implementation of a web server.
Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS).
The protocols supported include HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, FTPS & SMTP.
Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS).
show the same content each time they are viewed.
Static Pages
have content that can change each time they are accessed. These are typically written in scripting languages such as PHP, Perl, ASP, or JSP, etc.
Dynamic Pages
The scripts in the pages run functions on the server that return things like the date and time, and database information.
Dynamic Pages
All the information is returned as HTML code, so when the page gets to your browser, all the browser has to do is translate the HTML
Dynamic Pages
Some of the commonly used web development technologies for building the frontend includes ______, ____, and ______.
HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
On the other hand, technologies that are used for building the backend includes ______, _______, _______, etc.
PHP, Ruby on Rails, Node.js
Other technologies include frameworks, databases, and web servers like _______, _______, ________, _______, ________, etc.
Bootstrap, ReactJS, AngularJS, Laravel, CodeIgniter,
also known as client-side development, involves creating the visual and interactive parts of a website or web application that users interact with directly.
Front-end development,
What are the technologies used by front end
HTML, CSS, JavaScript
What are the responsibilities of front end
Implementing user-facing features.
Ensuring responsiveness across devices.
Enhancing user experience.
Collaborating with UI/UX designers.
also known as server-side development, involves working on the server-side of web development. This includes handling database operations, user authentication, and server-side logic.
Back-end development
What are the technologies used by the back-end development
Python, Ruby, PHP, SQL, Node.js, Java, .NET
What are the responsiblities of back-end
Managing databases.
Implementing server-side logic.
Integrating front-end elements with the server.
Ensuring the application runs smoothly.
involves working on both the front-end and back-end of a web application. A ________ is proficient in both areas and can handle all aspects of web development.
Full-stack development
What are the responsiblities of front-end
Developing complete web applications from start to finish.
Understanding and implementing both client-side and server-side technologies.
Collaborating with designers, developers, and other team members.
focuses on creating the visual and interactive elements of websites using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. Key skills include responsive design, DOM manipulation, and tools like Git and Bootstrap.
Front-end development
Advanced skills involve frameworks like React or Angular, API integration, and performance optimization. Continuous learning and practice are crucial for building efficient, user-friendly applications.
Front-end development
handles server-side logic, databases, and application functionality using languages like Python, Java, or Node.js and databases like MySQL or MongoDB. Key skills include API integration, authentication, and server architecture.
Back-end development
Advanced skills involve frameworks like Django or Spring, deployment tools like Docker, and cloud platforms. Strong problem-solving and security practices are essential for building scalable, reliable systems.
Back-end development
combines both front-end and back-end skills to build complete web applications. It involves creating user interfaces with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, along with handling server-side logic, databases, and APIs using languages like Python, Node.js, or PHP.
Full-stack development
They master frameworks like React and Django, deployment tools like Docker, and version control with Git. Strong problem-solving, adaptability, and continuous learning are essential for managing both client and server-side aspects effectively.
Full-stack developers
