Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

mission to mars > topic 1 > Flashcards

topic 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what skills do astronauts need

A

resilience, adaptability, curiosity, creativity, teamwork, fitness and good health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the largest valley/canyon called

A

valles marineris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how big is valles marineris

A

4000km long, 2000km wide and 7km deep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the volcano on mars called

A

olympus mons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how big is olympus mons

A

21km high, 3x taller than mount everest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the polar ice caps called

A

planum boreum (north) and planum australe (south)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the ice caps made of

A

frozen water and dry ice (frozen CO₂)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are mars’ 2 moons called

A

phobos and deimos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

distance of mars from the sun

A

1.5 AU or 230,000,000km

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

distance of earth from the sun

A

1AU or 150,000,000km

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the size (diameter) of mars

A

1/2 of earths size or 6800km

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is mars’ tilt

A

25°

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is earth’s tilt

A

23.5°

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how long is a martian year

A

687 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how long is a martian day

A

24 hours and 40 mins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how much gravity is there on mars % and N/kg

A

62% less, 3.2N/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the temperature on mars

A

-140° to 30°, average -63°

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is mars’ atmosphere made of

A

mostly carbon dioxide + argon and nitrogen, 2% the density of earth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is a sol

A

a martian day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is an AU

A

an astronomical unit, the distance between earth and the sun

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

why is earth known as the goldilocks planet

A

venus is too hot, mars is too cold and earth is just the right temperature for many living things to thrive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what are the reasons for colonising mars

A

survive asteroid impact, growing population, develop new technology, for a challenge and adventure and to develop a global view of earth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what are some challenges of moving to mars

A

lack of liquid water, very cold, thin and toxic atmosphere, high UV and low gravity

24
Q

what is terraforming

A

making mars’ environment suitable for organisms on earth

25
physical needs on mars
food, water, air, warmth, sunshine, buildings
26
technological needs on mars
electricity, materials, tools, computers and communications, vehicles, robots
27
how can we get water on mars
heat up the ground, causing ice to sublimate and capture and cool steam
28
how can we get food on mars
food can be grown in greenhouses, hydroponics (growing plants without soil), aquaponics (waste from fish is used as nutrients), chickens (don't need much space or grass)
29
how can houses be built for martian conditions
underground to avoid high uv and keep warm, glass/plastic domes will be easy to build/bring
30
what building materials are on mars/can be made on mars
lots of iron on mars, steel can be made using carbon from atmosphere, bricks, concrete and other materials can be made from resources there
31
what can be made into electricity
wind
32
what is a force and what does it do
a push or pull on an object which causes an object to change shape, direction of its movement, stop or start moving or change the speed of its movement
33
what are forces measured in
newtons (N)
34
what is a vector quantity
something (a force) with both size and direction
35
what are the 2 types of forces
contact and non contact
36
what are some contact forces
applied, spring, drag (air resistance), frictional and normal forces
37
what are some non contact forces
gravitational, magnetic and electric (electrostatic) forces
38
what is the difference between contact and non contact forces
contact forces require direct, physical contact between 2 objects, non contact forces don't require contact/2 objects
39
what forces act on rockets
thrust (comes from the engine of the rocket to increase velocity), drag (the air slows down the rocket), weight (the mass of the object x the grav strength)
40
what is net force and how is it calculated
the total force acting on an object, if going the same way then add, opposite ways minus
41
how are forces shown/written
with an arrow in the direction its going, with the size in newtons and with the type of force labelled
42
what is a balanced force and what happens when forces are balanced
when the net force = 0, forces may be opposite but equal, a balanced force will result in no movement or objects to move at a constant velocity
43
what is an unbalanced force and what happens when forces are unbalanced
when the net force is >0, one force is greater than the other(s), causing motion, only unbalanced forces can change an objects motion
44
what is gravity
the attraction between 2 masses or objects
45
what does the strength of gravity depend on and how does it affect it
mass and distance, more mass = more gravity, more distance = less gravity
46
what is earths gravity and how is it shown
9.8N/kg of matter, shown as a gravitational field
47
what is mass and how is it measured
the amount of matter in an object, it is the same value, regardless of grav strength, measured in kg
48
what is weight and how is it measured
a force cause by gravity's pull on a mass, has different values depending on gravity, measured in newtons
49
how is weight calculated
weight (N) = mass x gravitational strength
50
how is weightlessness achieved
the object moves forward at a constant speed whilst gravity is pulling it down, this results in objects accelerating in a curved path, the same curve of the earth, it is essentially free fall
51
what are centripetal forces and an example
for an object to move in a circle a force acts on it at all times towards the centre of the circle, gravity is a centripetal force
52
what are the effects of weightlessness on astronauts
bones and muscles weaken, muscles lose mass and vision is impaired
53
which forces contribute to weightlessness
centripetal force and gravity
54
how do satellites maintain a constant position above earth and what are they called
satellites speed of orbit matches earths speed of rotation, called geostationary satellites
55
what are geostationary satellites used for
communications, TV, weather forecasting and GPS
56
what are astronomical satellites and what do they do
large telescopes placed in high orbit, away from earths atmosphere, they photograph stars and galaxies
57
what are the risks of space walking
there are extreme temps (-200° to 200°), space has no air pressure and blood will boil without suits, astronauts may be hit by space junk

mission to mars (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions