Topic 1 Flashcards
Collection of
data organized
in a manner
that allows
access,
retrieval, and
use of that
data
Database
Collection of
unprocessed
items
* Text
*Numbers
* Images
* Audio
* Video
Data
- Processed data
- Documents
- Audio
- Images
- Video
Information
is a tool used to organize, store,
retrieve, and communicate (report on) group of
related information.
database
A database is a tool used by businesses to
manage the huge amount of ___ required to run
the business.
data
Databases consist of 4 main Objects
- Tables
- Queries
- Forms
- Reports
store data in rows and columns
Tables
retrieve and process data
Queries
control data entry and data views; is a customized manner of inputting data into a
database or representing data on a screen.
Forms
summarize and print data.
Reports
___ _____often called a database management system (DBMS), allows users to:
- Create a computerized database
- Add, modify, and delete data
- Sort and retrieve data
- Create forms and reports from the data
Database software
identifies the quality of the data
Data integrity
points out the
accuracy of a computer’s output depends on the
accuracy of the input
Garbage in, garbage out (GIGO)
Valuable information should have the following
characteristics:
Accurate
Verifiable
Timely
Organized
Accessible
Useful
Cost effective
Data is organized in layers
– Files, records, fields, characters
is one byte
– Numbers, letters, space,
punctuation marks, or
other symbols
character
is a combination
of one or more related
characters
– Field name
– Field size
– Data type
field
is a group of related fields
record
uniquely identifies each record
primary key
is a collection of related records
data file
refers to the procedures that
keep data current
File maintenance
Users add new records to a file when they obtain
new data ( T or F)
True or T
Users modify a record to correct inaccurate data
or update old data ( T or F )
T or true
When a record no longer is needed, a user deletes
it from a file (t or f)
t
compares data with a set of rules or
values to find out if the data is correct
Validation
- Each department has its
own set of files - Used for many years
- Have data redundancy
- Isolate data
File processing system
are used by a manager of
any small organization to track
necessary data
Filesystems
- Programs and users share
data - Reduce data redundancy
- Improve data integrity
- Share data
- Allows easier access
- Reduces development time
- Can be more vulnerable
Database approach
contains data about each file in
the database and each field in those files
data dictionary
provides a GUI to assist
users with retrieving data
Query by example (QBE)
provides several tools that allow users
and programs to retrieve and maintain data in the
database
DBMS
consists of simple, English-like
statements that allow users to specify the data to
display, print, or store
query language
is a window on the screen that provides
areas for entering or modifying data in a database
form
allows users to design a report
on the screen, retrieve data into the report
design, and then display or print the report
report generator
provides means to
ensure that only authorized users
access data at permitted times
*Access privileges
*Principle of least privilege
DBMS (Database Management Systems)
consists of rules and standards that
define how the database organizes data
data model
stores data in tables
that consist of rows and
columns
relational database
is a link
within the data
relationship
is a query
language that allows users to manage, update,
and retrieve data
Structured Query Language (SQL)
stores data
in objects
object-oriented database (OODB)
is a huge database that stores and
manages the data required to analyze historical and
current transactions
data warehouse
can store data in more
than two dimensions of data
– Sometimes known as a hypercube
– Can consolidate data much faster than a relational database
multidimensional database
Decides on proper field
placement, defines data
relationship, and identifies
users’ access privileges
Database Analyst (DA)
Creates and maintains the data
dictionary, manages security,
monitors performance, and
checks backup and recovery
procedures
Database Administrator (DBA)
is the process of sorting through large data sets
to identify patterns and relationships that can help solve
business problems through data analysis
Datamining
