Topic 1 Flashcards
1
Q
targeted studies
A
- examine one of a few specific moleucles
2
Q
untargeted studies
A
- trying to examine all the moelcuels of one type to see global changes
- often called profiling as the researcher is trying to document a whole collection
3
Q
replicates
A
- repeating experiments multiple times to allow for statistical analysis
- technical vs. biological
- looking for variation
4
Q
technical replicate
A
- using the same outside system multiple times and keeping the same sample the whole time
- look for system changes that could be confounded
- from a single of water, you repeat the measurement three times
5
Q
biological replicates
A
- seeing what naturally changes in the system
- using different samples and keeping the system the same
- ex. you take their samples of 1L bottles of water and conduct the measurement of each
6
Q
positive control
A
- sample produces the same results as compared to something that has been identified to produce such answers
- proving that the technique works properly
7
Q
negative control
A
- sample produces an improper or wrong results but it is expected as it has been researched before
- proving that the sample is actually correct due to the controls put in placed
7
Q
model organism
A
- non-human species that are commonly used to study biological traits with the goal of applying discoveries to other organisms
8
Q
Common model organisms
A
- yeast
- worm
- fly
- fish
- plant
- mouse
- frog
9
Q
non-model organism
A
- an organism that is not established as a model-organism by reseachers
10
Q
promoter
A
- cis-element upstream of the gene where proteins bind to initiate transcription
11
Q
cis and trans element
A
- cis = same strand
- trans = different strand
12
Q
mRNA
A
- term used to describe the spliced transcipt
13
Q
ORF/CDS
A
- open reading frame/coding sequence
- start with a start codon and end with stop codon
14
Q
UTR regions
A
- 5’ is upstream on DNA, pre-mRNA and mRNA
- 3’ is downstream
