TOPIC 1

Question 1

NAME THE FOUR BILES

In his Hippocratic Oath described four body fluids (humors) in man and felt that these were the source of a person’s disposition and disease in ancient times.

Answer 1

BLOOD, PHLEGM, YELLOW BILE, BLACK BILE

Question 2

Who is the father of Medicine? What year?

Answer 2

Greek physician Hippocrates; 300 BC - 180 AD

Question 3

FOUR BILE

Thought to cause anger and bad temper when present in excess

Answer 3

YELLOW BILE

Question 4

FOUR BILE

Believed to be secreted by the kidneys or spleen and to cause sadness melancholy

Answer 4

BLACK BILE

Question 5

Who proposed the Pythagorean Theory?

Answer 5

GALEN

Question 6

• Created a system of pathology that combined Hippocrates’ humoral theories
  
  • Described that the 4 elements (earth, air, fire, water) corresponded to combinations of physiologic qualities (dry, cold, hot, moist)

Answer 6

PYTHAGOREAN THEORY (GALEN)

Question 7

Hot + moist =

Answer 7

BLOOD

Question 8

Hot + dry =

Answer 8

YELLOW BILE

Question 9

Cold + moist =

Answer 9

PHLEGM

Question 10

Cold + dry =

Answer 10

BLACK BILE

Question 11

Regarded as a composite of these humors as recorded by a Hindu physician

Answer 11

URINE

Question 12

Regarded as the oldest laboratory procedures today (as early as 600 BC)

Answer 12

URINALYSIS

Question 13

Galen described diabetes as? And established the relationship between ______ and ________

Answer 13

DIARRHEA OF URINE; FLUID INTAKE AND URINE VOLUME

Question 14

URINE

In Medieval Europe, ______ was practiced

Answer 14

UROSCOPY (WATER CASTING)

Question 15

In what year does the 1st book detailing the characteristics of urine was written?

Answer 15

900 AD

Question 16

In what year does Vivian Herrick traces the beginning of medical technology when intestinal parasites were mentioned in the early writings

Answer 16

1500 BC

Question 17

VIVIAN HERRICK

What are those intestinal parasites were mentioned?

Answer 17

ASCARIS & TAENIA

Question 18

What book believes that medical technology began when a book for the treatment of disease was published

Answer 18

EBERS PAPYRUS

Question 19

This book contained the description of the 3 stages of hookworm infection and the disease it could produce to human

Answer 19

EBERS PAPYRUS

Question 20

In what period and who is this medical technologist, believed that medical technology began from this period as supported by a fact that the urinalysis was a fad

Answer 20

MEDIEVAL PERIOD (1096-1438); RUTH WILLIAMS

Question 21

Early Hindu doctors made the ______ that the urine of certain individuals attracted ants and that such urine have a
sweetish taste.

Answer 21

“scientific observation”

Question 22

Quacks, calling themselves doctors reaped fortunes from diagnosing diseases by

Answer 22

appearance of the urine

Question 23

When and who believed that medical technology started when a prominent Italian doctor at the University of Bologna employed Alessandra Giliani to perform different tasks in the laboratory. But died due to a laboratory acquired infection (LAI)

Answer 23

14th century - Anne Fagelson

Question 24

Who invented the simple (1 lens)
microscope and the 1st to describe red blood cells (RBCs) to see protozoa and to classify bacteria according to shape The invention of the microscope led to the rapid progress of microbiology and pathology

Answer 24

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

Question 25

When and who described as the greatest of the early microscopist. His work in
embryology and anatomy made him as the “founder of pathology”

Answer 25

(1628-1694) - Malpighi

Question 26

He was one of the youngest of the medical specialists. He was the founder of the Archives of Pathology in Berlin.

Answer 26

Rudolph Virchow (1847)

Question 27

When and who performed the first quantitative test for urine sugar?

Answer 27

1848 - Hermann von
Fehling

Question 28

Discovery of the different dyes such as aniline dyes used in staining microorganisms. These dyes used in staining led to the development and advancement of microbiology because bacterial study has been made possible A

Answer 28

15th century

Question 29

MEDICAL EQUIPMENT

The first diagnostic medical breakthrough invented by ______ to acquire information about lungs and heartbeats

Answer 29

1816 STETHOSCOPE; René Laennec

Question 30

MEDICAL EQUIPMENT

It is developed for medical purposes due to advances in lenses and lower costs. Who invented it

Answer 30

1840 MICROSCOPE; ANTONIE VAN LEEUWENHOEK

Question 31

MEDICAL EQUIPMENT

First visual technology invented by

Answer 31

1850; OPHTHALMOSCOPE; HERMANN VON HELMHOLZ

Question 32

MEDICAL EQUIPMENT

Devised by _____ using two mirrors to observe the throat and larynx

Answer 32

1855; MANUEL GARCIA; LARYNGOSCOPE

Question 33

MEDICAL EQUIPMENT

Invented by _____ when he discovered by accident that radiation could penetrate solid objects of low density

Answer 33

1859; XRAY; WILHELM ROENTGEN

Question 34

MEDICAL EQUIPMENT

Developed by _____ to measure electrical changes during the beating of the heart

Answer 34

1903; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPH; WILLIAM EINTHOVEN

Question 35

MEDICAL EQUIPMENT

Devised by _____ in the treatment of polio using hot packs and muscle manipulation

Answer 35

KENNY METHOD

Question 36

MEDICAL EQUIPMENT

Invented by ____ to help patients with paralytic anterior poliomyelitis recover normal respiration with the assistance of artificial respirator

Answer 36

1927; DRINKER RESPIRATOR; PHILIP DRINKER

Question 37

MEDICAL EQUIPMENT

First visual technology invented by Hermann von Helmholz

Answer 37

1939; HEART_LUNG MACHINE