Topic 1 Flashcards
What are macronutrients
What is BMI
BMI = Weight (kg)/Height (m2)
What are the major macronutrients
What is the role of macronutrients
How do we measure this energy ?
What are the energy values for macronutrients
Fat 37kJ/g
Alcohol 29 kJ/g
Protein 17 kJ/g
Carbohydrate 17 kJ/g
What are the dietary proportions
Fat 20-35% Saturated fat <0% Protein 15-25% Carbohydrate 45-65%
Describe Carbohydrates 1. Essential for brain and central nervous system 2. 100-200g of carbohydrates every day 3. Classified relative to structure 4. Glycogen - body's storage of glucose
Describe Carbohydrates in oligosaccharides and polysaccharides form
What are issues associated with CHO
What are the simplest units of Charbohydrates
Glucose, fructose and lactose; simplest unit in Cho
Describe fats
PUFA polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
What are issues associated with Fats
What are further issues associated with Fats
Issues associated with fats
Describe Proteins
Describe issues with protein
Inadequate intake Poor growth – kids, pregnant women Vegetarians – quality and amount Malnutrition Protein quality - HBV Cancer & illness Issues associated with protein
Excessive Intake
- Impact on calcium balance
- Strength training
- Illness
Process of excreting protein takes out calcium if
overloaded
ST; ensure balance or body will use protein as fuel
Describe alcohol
EtOH
Describe issues with EtOH
Describe basic digestion with CHO as an example
Mouth; CHO
Stomach; Mixed with enzymes and acid EtOH – 20% absorbed
Small intestine; CHO, fat, EtOH, Ca, Mg, Fe
Large intestine; Water, fibre fermentation, sodium and potassium
Describe some findings of the NNS 1995
Describe NNS 1995 – macronutrients findings
Discuss NNS 1995 – micronutrients findings
Describe weight findings
What about weight?
Key age groups and nutrients
