Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Life-Span > Topic 1 > Flashcards

Topic 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Define development?

A

The pattern of movement or change that begins at conception and continues through the human life span.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Life-Span Perspective?

A

The perspective that development is life-long, multidimensional, multidirectional, plastic, multidisciplinary, and contextual.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the Life-Span Perspective look at?

A

That it involves growth, maintenance, and regulation and that it is constructed through biological, sociocultural and individual factors working together.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 6 dimensions of the Life-Span perspective?

A

Development is lifelong, multidimensional, multidirectional, plastic, multidisciplinary, and contextual.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define Context?

A

Context is the setting in which development occurs. Which influenced by historical, economic, social, and cultural factors. (Context includes families, schools, peer groups, churches, cites, university laboratories, counties and so on)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Contexts exert three types of influences. What are they?

A

Normative age-graded influences, Normative history-graded influences, and Nonnormative life events.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Explain Normative age-graded influences?

A

Normative age-graded influences are Biological and environmental influences that are similar for individuals in a particular age group. (Puberty, menopause, formal education, retirement)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Explain Normative history-graded influences?

A

Biological and environment influences that are associated with history. These influences are common to people of a particular generation. (millennials, experiencing covid, internet, y2k)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Explain Nonnormative life events?

A

Unusual occurrences that have a major impact on a person’s life. The occurrences, pattern, and sequences of these events are not applicable to many individuals. (Loss, Pregnancy while young, winning lotto, cancer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Development is a co-construction of what 3 things?

A

Development comes from biological, cultural and individual (factors influencing each other.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the Contemporary concerns categories in Life-Span development?

A

Health and well-being, Parenting and education, Social Policy, Sociocultural Context and Diversity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is culture?

A

The behaviour patterns, beliefs and all other products of a group that are passed on from generation to generation. (Whatever the size, the group’s culture influences the behaviour of its members)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is Cross-cultural studies?

A

Cross-cultural studies is comparisons of one culture with one or more other culture. (These provide information about the degree to which children’s development is similar, or universal, across cultures, and the degree to which is it is culture specific.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is ethnicity?

A

A range of characteristics rooted in cultural heritage, including nationality, race, religion and language. (African, Americans, Latinos, Asian American, Native American)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is gender?

A

The characteristics of people as females and males (intersex, transgender)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the Contemporary concerns in Life-Span development?

A

As people go through the human lifespan, the categories can intersect and can create systems of power and privileged as well as oppression and discrimination.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is Social policy?

A

A national government’s course of action designed to promote welfare of its citizens. (Out of concern that policy makers are doing too little to protect the well-being of children and older adults in the L-S reseach)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are some economic support?

A

Housing, Transportation, financial education, health insurances and food assistants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are some Social capital support?

A

Peer support, friends and neighbours, Participants in communities and faith-based organization, school and work contacts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are two concepts of development?

A

Developmental processes and periods.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Explain Biological processes?

A

Changes in an individual physical nature. (Genes inherited from parents, the development of the brain, height and weight gains, changes in motor skills, nutrition, exercise, the hormonal changes of puberty and cardiovascular decline)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Explain Cognitive processes?

A

Changes in an individual’s thoughts, intelligences and language. (Putting together two words, memorizing a poem, solving a crossword, imagining what it would be like to be a movie star)

23
Q

What is Socioemotional Processes?

A

Changes in an individual’s relationships with other people, emotions and personality. (A infant smiling in response to a parents touch, adolescent’s joy at the senior prom, affection of an elderly couple)

24
Q

Explain Connections between biological, cognitive and socioemotional processes?

A

Biological, cognitive and socioemotional processes are inextricably intertwined. (Consider a baby smiling in response to a parent’s touch. This response depends on BIOLOGICAL PROCESS (The physical nature of touch and responsiveness of it), CONGNIVTIE PROCESSES ( The ability to understand intentional acts), and SOCIOEMTONAL PROCESSES ( The act of smiling often reflecting a positive emotional feeling, and smiling helps to connect us in a positive way with other human beings.)

25
Q

What is developmental cognitive neuroscience?

A

Which explores links between cognitive process, development and the brain.

26
Q

What is developmental social neurosciences?

A

Which examines connections between socioemotional processes, development and the brain.

27
Q

Explain Development periods?

A

Developmental periods is a time frame in a person’s life that is characterized by certain features. The most widely used classification of a developmental periods involve an eight-period sequence. (The prenatal period, infancy, Early childhood, middle and late childhood, adolescence, early adult hood, middle adulthood, late adulthood)

28
Q

What is the prenatal period?

A

Is the time from conception to birth. (Involves tremendous growth-from a single cell to a complete organism with a brain and behavioural capabilities. Takes place in approximately a nine-month period)

29
Q

What is the infancy period?

A

Is the development period from birth to 18 or 24 months when humans are extremely dependent on adults. (Many psychological actives – language, symbolic thought, sensorimotor coordination and social training)

30
Q

What is the Early Childhood period?

A

Is the developmental period from the end of infancy to age 5 or 6. (This period children learn to be more self-sufficient and to care fo themselves, they also develop school readiness skills such as following instructions and identify letters.)

31
Q

What is the Middle and late childhood period?

A

Is the development period from 6 to 11 years of age. (Children master the fundamental skills of reading, writing and arithmetic)

32
Q

What is the adolescent period?

A

Encompasses the transition from childhood to early adulthood, entered at appox 10 to 12 years of age and ending at 18 to 22 years of age. (Begins with rapid physical changes- dramatic gains in height and weight and development of sexual characteristic.)

33
Q

What is the emerging adulthood period?

A

Occurs approximately from 18 – 25 years of age (time of considerable exploration and experimentation, especially in the areas of identity, career and lifestyle.)

34
Q

What is early adulthood period?

A

Is a developmental period that begins in the late teens or early twenties and last though the thirties. (From young adults, this is a time for establishing personal and economic independence becoming proficient in a career and for many selecting a mate).

35
Q

What is middle adulthood period?

A

Is the developmental period from approx. 40 years of age to about 60. (It is a time of expanding personal and social involvement and responsibility of assisting the next generation in being competent, mature individuals and of achieving and maintaining satisfaction in a career)

36
Q

What is a late adulthood period?

A

Is the developmental period that begins in the 60’s or 70’s and lasts until death.(It is a time of life review, retirement from the workforce, and adjustment to new social roles involving decreasing strength and health.)
The “young old” classified as 65 to 84 years of age, and the “oldest-old” is 85 to older.

37
Q

Explain the “Conceptions of Age”?

A

Understanding that Chronological age is just a number of years that have elapsed since birth, and time is just a crude index of experiences and does not cause development. Chronical age is not the only way to measure age. With four types of age.

38
Q

What are for 4 types of age?

A

Chronological age, Psychological age, Biological age and Social age.

39
Q

Explain Chronological age?

A

Chronological age is just a number of years that have elapsed since birth.

40
Q

Explain Psychological age?

A

Psychological age is an individual’s adaptive capacities compared with those of other individuals of the same chronological age. (Thus older adults who continue to learn, remain flexible, are motivated think clearly and have positive personality traits are engaging in more adaptive behaviour then their chronological age mates who do not do these things).

41
Q

Explain Biological age?

A

Biological age is a person’s age in terms of biological health. (Determining biological age involves knowing the functional capacitive of a person’s vital organs (The younger the biological age, the longer the person is expected to live regardless of the chorological age))

42
Q

Explain Social age?

A

Social age refers to connectedness with others and the social roles individuals adopt. (Individuals who have better social relationships with others are happier and tend to live longer then those who are lonely)

43
Q

What is the Life-span perspective on age?

A

An overall age profile of an individual invovles not just chronological age but also biological age, psychological age and social age. (ex a 70 year old man (chron age) might be in good physical health (Bio age) but might experiencing memory problems and having trouble coping with demands place on him by his wife recent hospitalization (Psycho age) and dealing with a lack of social support (social age)

44
Q

What are the three developmental patterns of aging?

A

Normal aging, Pathological aging and Successful aging.

45
Q

What is Normal aging?

A

Characterizes in most individuals, for whom psychological functioning often peaks in early middle age, remains relatively stable until the late 50s and early 60s and then shows a modest decline through the early 80s. However, marked decline can occur as individual near death.

46
Q

What is Pathological aging?

A

Characterized individuals who show greater then average decline as they age through the adult years, In early old age, they have mild cognitive impairment, develop Alzheimer disease later on, or have a chronic disease that impairs their daily function.

47
Q

What is Successful aging?

A

Characterizes individuals whose positive physical, cognitive, and socioemotional development is maintained longer, declining later in old age then is the case for most people.

48
Q

What are they 3 Developmental issues?

A

Nature and nurture, Stability and Change, Continuity and discontinuity.

49
Q

What is the Nature-nurture issue?

A

The debate about the extent to which development is influenced by nature and by nurture. (Nature refers to an organism’s biological inheritance, Nurture is to its environmental experiences.)

50
Q

What is the stability-change issue?

A

The debate about the degree to which early traits and characteristics persist through life or change.

51
Q

What is Continuity and discontinuity issue?

A

The debate about the extent to which development involves gradual, cumulative changes (Continuity) or distinct stages (Discontinuity). (When developmental change occur, is it gradual or abrupt)

52
Q

Example of Continuity?

A

Puberty might seen abrupt but it is a gradual process that occurs over several years.

53
Q

Example of Discontinuity?

A

At some point a child not being able to think abstractly about the world to being able to do so

Life-Span (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions