topic 1

Question 1

how does temperature affect the rate of reaction

Answer 1

at first, a higher temperature increases the rate of reaction. but if it gets too hot, some of the bonds holding the enzyme together break.this changes the shape of the enzyme’s active site so the substrate won’t fit anymore. the enzyme is denatured

Question 2

how does pH affect the rate of reaction

Answer 2

if it is too high or too low, it interferes with the bonds holding the enzyme together. this changes the shape of the active site and denatures the enzyme

Question 3

how does substrate concentration affect the rate of reaction

Answer 3

the higher the substrate concentration, the faster the rate of reaction. this is because it is more likely for the enzyme to react with a substrate molecule
however there are only so many active sites that the substrates cab fit into

Question 4

what enzyme breaks down carbohydates

Answer 4

carbohydrases convert carbohydrates into simple sugars

Question 5

what enzyme breaks down proteins

Answer 5

proteases convert proteins into amino acids

Question 6

what enzyme breaks down lipids

Answer 6

lipases convert lipids into glycerol and fatty acids

Question 7

diffusion

Answer 7

the net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

Question 8

osmosis

Answer 8

the net movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water concentration