TOP, pregnancy related complications

Question 1

diagnosis of threatened mc/ abortion

Answer 1

PV bleed +

N sac size, N fetal size, fetal heart tones present

Question 2

threatened abortion with increased risk of fetal loss

Answer 2

all above + large amount intrauterine blood clot

or fetal HR < 100

Question 3

Inevitable abortion

Answer 3

a ver small sac

N sac + smell fetus

Sac with no evidence of a fetus (blighted ovum)

Question 4

Incomplete abortion

Answer 4

only placental tissue within uterus

Question 5

complete abortion

Answer 5

empty uterus with no evidence of remaining fetal or placental tissue

Question 6

missed abortion

Answer 6

no fetal heart tone present when there is a fetus in sac

Question 7

rx ectopic pregnancy

Answer 7

First line

if bhCG <2000, small or absent sac and no heart tones IM 1mg/kg MTX with folinic acid rescue

> 5000IU or haemodynamically unstable:

lap salpingostomy (ovaries removed)

partial salpingectomy

Question 8

incidence of ectopic pregnancy

Answer 8

1 in 200

Question 9

4 RFs for ectopics

Answer 9

PID

previous IUD

previous infertility

use of repor tech

Question 10

ectopic pregnancy trid

Answer 10

abdo pain + v bleed + ammenorhae

75%, 75%,75%

Question 11

ddx of NV 5

Answer 11

Med: GI, hep, thyroid, addison

Surg: Pye

multiple pregnancy

BLG

molar pregnancy