ToP FINAL Flashcards
A quality or dimension of experiencing life and ourselves. It has to do with depth, value, relatedness, hearth and personal substance.
Mirror Neurons
An approach that emphasizes personal growth, resilience, and the achievement of human potential. Grew out as an alternative to psychoanalysis.
Behaviorism
A position in which a child needs to adapt to the outer world too soon-before the authentic self is “solid”/child loses touch with own subjectivity
Impingement
“Being” in the world, who you are in relation to life
Dasein
Characterized by a lifelong pattern of irresponsible, antisocial behavior such as lawbreaking, violence, and other impulsive, restless acts. This includes deceitfulness, and reckless disregard for safety of self and others.
Antisocial Personality Disorder
A follower of Sigmund Freud who broke with his teacher over the fundamental point of what motivates or drives human behavior. Believed that social interaction was the driving force behind behavior and the development of the personality.
Erik Erikson
A process in which “the client is one who comes actively and voluntarily to gain help on a problem but without any notion of surrendering his own responsibility for the situation.”
Client-Centered Therapy
Theory that affirms that each existence is unique; we cannot generalize experiences, allow for the examination of the experiencing individual, and states that you are responsible for creating/finding meaning in your life.
Existential-Phenonmological
A Kleinian concept in which unconscious thoughts and wishes that were not necessarily reality are considered real, creates the world of the imagination
Depressive Position
A process in which clients learn to explicitly identify and accept whatever negative thoughts and feelings arise, without trying to eradicate them or letting them derail healthy behavior
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Coined the term “good enough” parenting and part of the object relations school of thought
Donald Winnicott
The association between environmental stimuli and the organism’s responses
Conditioning
Rare moments of rapture caused by the attainment of excellence or the experience of beauty
Peak Experiences
An approach to psychology that emphasizes the study of observable behavior and the role of the environment as a determinant of behavior
Humanistic Theory
A state in which the infant feels that he is the all-powerful center/his or her wish makes things happen
Subjective Omnipotence
A ground of being that contains all opposites in potentiality and is the deepest layer of the unconscious
Unitary Reality
A process in which the personality is being reorganized to become more solid to allow a stronger foundation for the archetypal energy to flow through
Centroversion
An extreme mental disturbance involving distorted perceptions and irrational behavior
Psychosis
Believed that behavior is explained by looking outside the individual and that free will is an illusion
Ivan Pavlov
Defined as that which causes an individual great suffering, impairs a person’s ability to get along with others, and endangers others or the community
Mental Disorder
The first to describe and document the form of learning what we now call classical conditioning
B. F. Skinner
A disorder in which others “are used and then discarded, disposed of, or recycled as if they were nothing more than a ballpoint pen or a plastic bottle… other people as well as oneself have become disposable or reusable items.”
Narcissistic Behavioral Disorder
The subjective experience of another person who is necessary to hold one’s sense of self, keeps us “glued”
Self Object
Erikson believed that the social environment combined with biological maturation provides each individual with a set of “crises” that must be resolved
False
Erick Neumann saw the artist as “driven to rediscover, reawaken, and give form to this world” and “ex-presses and gives form to the future of his epoch”
True
Winnicott’s theory sees the self as forming incompletely and it forms with varying degrees of cohesiveness or fragmentation based on interactions with early caregivers. Views the human condition as one of incompleteness which is the root of suffering
False
A ritualization occurs when a ritualism has become empty of meaning, is now a practice or a “going through the motions.”
True
In negative reinforcement something unpleasant is removed.
True
Melanie Klein sees love as restraining aggressive drives not the mortality of the Superego.
True
________ believed that the soul asserts itself because it may need our attention and that the cure for symptoms comes from love and not logic.
Thomas Moore
In _____ theory, the focus is on the interiority of the client, the interrelationship between client and therapist and the feeling states that the client endures.
Kleinian
________ conditioning forms an association between behaviors and the resulting events
None of the above
Maslow’s ideas of the healthy personality includes ___________
All of the above
In ______ something pleasant is removed.
Positive punishment
Rogers fully functioning person includes ________
An individual who is open to experiencing one’s feelings
__________ is a process in which one strives for a life that is meaningful, challenging, and satisfying.
None of the above
Self-actualization
achieving one’s full potential, including creative activities
Intimate relationships, friends
Belongingness and Love Needs
Physiological Needs
Fresh water, warmth, rest
