Top 50 Topics Flashcards
Stages of Grief - DABDA
denial, anger, bargaining, depression & acceptance
Sensate Focus Therapy
For people who struggle with sex/intimacy.
Conduct vs Oppositional Defiant Disorder
Conduct is a condition where a child intentionally violates rules and the rights of others for the past six months.
ODD is when adolescent has an overall negative or agitated mood, a quarrelsome attitude or being vengeful for at least six months.
Delirium vs Dementia
Delirium has a rapid onset. Dementia is progressive and gradual.
Who can deem someone incompetent?
Medical doctors. Refer for a competency hearing.
Countertransference vs Transference
Countertransference - therapist feelings towards client based on their own past/values.
Transference - how client feels about therapist.
Reinforcement vs Punishment
Reinforcement = continue behaviors Punishment = decrease behaviors
Behavioral Theory
Focuses on positive & negative reinforcement/punishment.
Psychodynamic Theory
Focuses on what happened in early childhood and how that impacts them today. “Why someone does what they do.” Insight oriented.
Structural Family Therapy
Systems/whole family. Looks at boundaries. Hierarchy & Dynamics. Current family functioning.
How long do you keep a clients records?
Varys state to state.
When can you deny a clients records request?
Could put client at risk/danger. May jeopardize therapeutic relationship.
What is privilege?
Occurs in legal proceedings. If subpoenaed by lawyer, client decides. If court ordered, YOU MUST release them.
Positive Reinforcement
Providing a reward to continue certain behavior.
Negative reinforcement
Removing unpleasant stimulus to continue desired behavior.
Positive Punishment
Spanking, etc. to decrease unwanted behavior.
Negative punishment
Taking something away to decrease unwanted behavior.
Stages of Domestic Violence Relationship
Tension, Violence, Honeymoon
Conversion disorder
a mental condition in which a person has blindness, paralysis, or other nervous system (neurologic) symptoms that cannot be explained by medical evaluation. Often occurs because of a stressor.
Malingering
The DSM-5 describes malingering as the intentional production of false or grossly exaggerated physical or psychological problems to gain or avoid something.
Factitious disorder
a serious mental disorder in which someone deceives others by appearing sick, by purposely getting sick or by self-injury. Factitious disorder also can happen when family members or caregivers falsely present others, such as children, as being ill, injured or impaired.
“Disease forgery”
Eriksons Stage of Development
Infancy - trust vs mistrust Toddler - autonomy vs shame/doubt Preschool - initiative vs guilt School age - industry vs inferiority Adolescence- identity vs identity confusion Young adulthood - intimacy vs isolation Middle age - generativity vs stagnation Older adulthood - integrity vs despair
Piaget Cognitive Development
Sensorimotor - birth to 18/24 months
Preoperational - toddlerhood to early childhood
Concrete - ages 7 to 11
Formal operational - adolescents through adulthood
Sensorimotor Stage
The sensorimotor stage is the first of the four stages in Piaget’s theory of cognitive development. It extends from birth to approximately 2 years, and is a period of rapid cognitive growth. During this period, infants develop an understanding of the world through coordinating sensory experiences (seeing, hearing) with motor actions (reaching, touching).
The main development during the sensorimotor stage is the understanding that objects exist and events occur in the world independently of one’s own actions (‘the object concept’, or ‘object permanence’).
Preoperational Stage
The preoperational stage is the second stage in Piaget’s theory of cognitive development. This stage begins around age two and lasts until approximately age seven. During this period, children are thinking at a symbolic level but are not yet using cognitive operations.
Concrete Operational Stage
The concrete operational stage is the third stage in Piaget’s theory of cognitive development. This period spans the time of middle childhood—it begins around age 7 and continues until approximately age 11—and is characterized by the development of logical thought.
Formal Operational Stage
The formal operational stage begins at approximately age twelve and lasts into adulthood. As adolescents enter this stage, they gain the ability to think in an abstract manner by manipulating ideas in their head, without any dependence on concrete manipulation.
Displacement
Defense mechanism - redirecting unacceptable feelings from the original source to a safer, substitute target (kicking dog, yelling at kids)
Sublimation
Replacing socially unacceptable impulses with socially acceptable behavior. Channeling aggression into football, or abnormal sex drive into art.
Reaction Formation
Acting in exactly the opposite way to one’s unacceptable impulses. Angry supervisee acts overly nice to his supervisor.
Single Subject Design
Everyone gets it. ABA design (baseline, intervention and then follow up assessment). Often used in community agencies.
Schizoid Personality Disorder
Detachment from social relationships. Preference for being alone. Lack of close friends. Restricted range of affect (flat). Emotionally cold. Lack of pleasure in activities. Uninterested in others.
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Distorted reality. Odd ideas. Eccentric. Unusual experiences. Superstitious. Suspicious. Reclusive.
Obsessive- Compulsive Personality Disorder
Preoccupation with details, rules, lists or organization. Perfectionism. Insistence that others do things “there way.” Inflexibility. Difficulty throwing things out. Reluctant to delegate to others.
Schizophreniform Disorder
AH/VH, delusions, disorganized/incoherent speech. Lasting 1-6 months.
Schizophrenia
Symptoms have lasted at least 6 months
Brief psychotic disorder
Lasting 1 day to 1 month
Cyclothymic Disorder
Symptoms of hypomania and depression have occurred for at least 2 years but don’t meet full criteria for either.
Asceticism
Defense mechanism - rigor and self denial (refusing to eat or sleep until major work project is done).
Depression Meds
Ends in “ine” and “pram”
Fluoxetine. Citalopram. Escitalopram. Sertraline.
Anxiety meds
Ends in “Pam”
Lorazepam.
Mood disorder meds
Lithium.
Depakote.
Lamictal (Lamotragine)
Abilify (Aripiprazole)
Schizophrenia Meds
Haldol Thorazine (chlorpromazine) Seroquel (Quitiapine) Risperdal Zyprexa (olanzapine) Clozaril (clozapine)
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Holds grudges. Easily offended. Doubts loyalty. Distrustful nature. Paranoia/Delusional.
Avoidant personality disorder
Hypersensitivity to rejection/criticism. Self-imposed social isolation. Extreme shyness or social anxiety. Low self-esteem. Feelings of inadequacy. Highly self-conscious.
aphasia
loss of ability to understand or express speech, caused by brain damage.
Catatonia/Catatonic Behavior
psychomotor syndrome that is characterized by unusual behavioral and movement disturbances.
Echolalia
Mimicking anothers speech
Echopraxia
Mimicking another’s movements
Stereotypy
the repetition of physical movements, sounds, words, or moving of objects in repeated sometimes rhythmic patterns.
Catalepsy
medical condition characterized by a trance or seizure with a loss of sensation and consciousness accompanied by rigidity of the body.
Stupor
state of near-unconsciousness or insensibility.
Identification
Defense mechanism - acting like the person (dressing like them, behaving like them, etc.)
Introjection/Internalization
Defense mechanism - taking on the beliefs, ideas and voices of others.
(boys don’t cry)
