Top 300 Drugs Flashcards
lorazepam
Ativan
May cause drowsiness
avoid alcohol
alprazolam
Xanax
May cause drowsiness, avoid driving
Do not crush or break
oral disintegrating tablet may be divided but are unstable
Allow oral disintegrating tablet to dissolve on your tongue
Avoid alcohol
duloxetine
Cymbalta
Report withdrawal symptoms
Drug may cause hepatotoxicity
May require 1-4 week for improvement
Report worsening depression, suicidal ideation, or unusual changes in behavior
Watch sign/symptoms of bleeding events and hepatotoxicity
avoid alcohol
monitor cocurrent meds that alter coagulation
escitalopram
Lexapro
Avoid activities that require mental alertness
Symptomatic improvement may take several weeks
Report worsening depression
Avoid abrupt discontinutation
Do not drink alcohol
Do not use NSAID or aspirin
eszopiclone
Lunesta
Instruct pt to take immediately before bed and to not take with a high fat meal
Seek immediate medical attention if you experience anaphylaxis or angiodema
Warn pt of sleep driving
Avoid activities that require mental awareness
Report insomnia that worsens
advise pt to report abnormal thoughts
instruct pt to take drug only when experiencing insomnia
Should not drink while taking this drug
buspirone
Buspar Vanspar Avoid activities that require mental awareness Advise pt that symptomatic relief may not be seen for several weeks Advise pt against sudden discontinuation May take with or without food Do not drink alcohol or grapefruit juice Avoid MAOI
clonazepam
Klonopin
May cause drowsiness
allow orally disintegrating tablet to dissolve on tongue
Avoid alcohol
diazepam
Valium
May cause drowsiness
avoid alcohol
zolpidem
Ambien Take on empty stomach may cause drowsiness avoid alcohol take immediately before bedtime may cause sleep driving, ect Place sub-lingual tablet under tongue.
temazepam
Restoril May cause drowsiness avoid alcohol Take 30 min before bedtime May cause complex behavior (sleep driving)
pregabalin
Lyrica
Oral solutions must be used within 45 days of first opening bottle
Avoid mental awareness activities
Avoid sudden discontinuation
Avoid drinking alcohol or using CNS depressants
carbamazepin
Tegretol
May decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives, use an alternative form of birth control
avoid activities of mental awareness
Advise pt to report signs and symptoms of serious dermatological reactions
Take with food
Do not take with alcohol or grapefruit juice
Avoid abrupt discontinuation
gabapentin
Neurontin Avoid mental awareness activities Report worsening depression Avoid sudden discontinuation Wait 2 hours after antacid before taking this medication
divalproex
Depakote
Avoid activities requiring mental awareness
Take with food to avoid GI irritation
Patients with convulsive disorder should not discontinue drug therapy abruptly. May precipitate status epilepticus
Avoid alcohol while taking this drug
lamotrigine
Lamictal
If rash develops, seek medical attention
Slow titration necessary to minimize side effects
avoid alcohol
Take to doc if you want to become pregnant
Reviewing driving restriction for pt with seizures
oxcarbazepine
Trileptal
Suspension should be shaken well and dose prepared immediately usual oral dosing syringe
Suspension can be mixed in a small glass of water just prior to administration
may decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives
Advise pt to report sign/symptoms of serious dermatological reaction
Take with food. Avoid alcohol and grapefruit juice
Avoid abrupt discontinuation
phenobarbital
Luminal
Avoid mental alertness activities
This drug may decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives
Report signs/symptoms of withdrawal upon dose reduction or d/c.
advise pt against sudden d/c
Do not drink alcohol
Do not use other CNS depressants
levetiracetam
Keppra
Keppra XR
Instruct pt to swallow extended release tab whole, do not break or chew
Avoid activities requiring mental alertness
Report mood swings, agitation, hostile behaviors, suicidal idealization, or unusual changes in behavior
Avoid sudden d/c
phenytoin
Dilantin
Swallow extended release capsule whole, do not crush
Avoid activities that require mental awareness
Report signs/symptoms of pancytopenia, hepatotoxicity, SLE, severe skin rxn or toxic epidermal necrolysis
Do not drink alcohol
topiramate
Topamax
Avoid activities that require mental aware
May cause nausea, diplopia, nervous, confuse
Do not d/c suddenly
epinephrine
EpiPen
EpiPen Jr
May cause palpitation, tachy, pale skin, sweat, nausea, vomit, asthenia, dizzy, HA, tremor, pain in eye, anxiety
Instruct pt on proper administration
meloxicam
Mobic
Take with food or milk to dec GI upset
For suspension shake gently before using
naproxen
Naprosyn
Elderly pt are at inc risk of GI ulceration
pt with underlying heart dysfxn are at inc risk of CVS effects
Use lowest dose for shortest period of time to minimize toxicity
Naproxen is available in 220 mg OTC
If taken for fever, do not take longer than 10 days unless directed by doctor
nabumetone
Relafen
Take with food or milk to dec GI upset
indomethacin
Indocin
Take with food or milk to dec GI upset
ibuprofen
Motrin
Take with food or milk to dec GI upset
diclofenac SR
Voltaren XR
Take with food or milk to dec GI upset
etodolac
Lodine
Take with food or milk to dec GI upset
celecoxib
Celebrex
Take with food or milk to dec GI upset
If you cannot swallow capsule, you may open it and pour med over a tsp of applesauce
acetaminophen
Tylenol
Do not exceed max recommended daily dose
avoid alcohol
tramadol/acetaminophen
Ultracet
Use a stool softener or laxative
May cause drowsy
Avoid alcohol or CNS depressants
tramadol
Ultram Use a stool softener or laxative May cause drowsy Avoid alcohol or CNS depressants To take the disintegrating tablet, peel back the foil on blister pack and remove tablet. Do not chew or crush
oxycodone
Oxycotin
Use a stool softener or laxative
May cause drowsy
Avoid alcohol or CNS depressants
morphine ER
MS Contin
Use a stool softener or laxative
May cause drowsy
Avoid alcohol or CNS depressants
methadone
Dolophine
Use a stool softener or laxative
May cause drowsy
Avoid alcohol or CNS depressants
hydrocodone/ibuprofen
Vicoprofen Use a stool softener or laxative May cause drowsy Avoid alcohol or CNS depressants Take with food or milk to dec GI upset
hydrocodone/acetaminophen
Vicodin
Use a stool softener or laxative
May cause drowsy
Avoid alcohol or CNS depressants
fentanyl transdermal
Duragesic Use a stool softener or laxative May cause drowsy Avoid alcohol or CNS depressants Apply to clean, dry skin. Skin breaks may inc absorption Remove old patch when new patch applied Febrile pt may have inc absorption
acetaminophen/codeine
Tylenol with Codeine #3
Use a stool softener or laxative
May cause drowsy
Avoid alcohol or CNS depressants
hydroxychloroquine
Plaquenil
If taking weekly, take on same day each week
Take with food or milk
allopurinol
Zyloprim
Take after meals to lessen gastric irritation
Maintain adequate hydration during therapy
Pt should avoid alcohol or caffeine
Seek medical attention if signs/symptoms of myleosuppression, agranulocytosis, or stevens johnson syndrome occur
benzonatate
Tessalon Perles
Do not chew capsule or allow capsules to dissolve in mouth as oropharyngeal anesthesia will occur
Accidental ingestion of as few as 1-2 capsules by kids < 2 y/o have been fatal
colchicine
Colcrys
Instruct pt on appropriate dosing strategy for gout flares
dicyclomine
Bentyl
May case drowsy
In the presence of a high enviornmental temp, heat prostration can occur
hydrocodone/chlorpheniramine syrup
Tussionex
Use a stool softener or laxative
May cause drowsy
Avoid alcohol or CNS depressants
guaifenesin/codeine
Cheratussin AC
Use a stool softener or laxative
May cause drowsy
Avoid alcohol or CNS depressants
methotrexate
Trexall Causes nausea/vomit Use anti emetics if necessary avoid sun exposure Take with food
promethazine/codeine
Antituss Use a stool softener or laxative May cause drowsy Avoid alcohol or CNS depressants May cause dark urine
prednisolone oral
No Brand
Counseling dependent on dose and intended length of treatment. For short term, inform pt to take doses with meals to prevent GI upset. For long term, inform pt to monitor for signs of hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, adrenocortical insufficiency and infection
prednisone
Deltasone
Counseling dependent on dose and intended length of treatment. For short term, inform pt to take doses with meals to prevent GI upset. For long term, inform pt to monitor for signs of hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, adrenocortical insufficiency and infection
methylprednisolone
Medrol
Counseling dependent on dose and intended length of treatment. For short term, inform pt to take doses with meals to prevent GI upset. For long term, inform pt to monitor for signs of hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, adrenocortical insufficiency and infection
dexamethasone
Decadron
Counseling dependent on dose and intended length of treatment. For short term, inform pt to take doses with meals to prevent GI upset. For long term, inform pt to monitor for signs of hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, adrenocortical insufficiency and infection
ferrous sulfate
Feosol May require several weeks to work Stools will turn black Take on empty stomach Avoid Calcium
epoetin
Epogen
Do not shake, dilute, or expose to light.
Store in fridge in box
Do not combine remainders from different syringes
May require several weeks to work
darbepoetin
Aranesp
Do not shake, dilute, or expose to light.
Store in fridge in box
Do not combine remainders from different syringes
May require several weeks to work
cyanocobalamin
Cobolin-M
May require several weeks for max effect
take extended release products with food
Avoid alcohol because it inhibits B12 absorption
folic acid
Folacin-800
May require several weeks to work
Avoid alcohol
montelukast
Singular
Not indicated for acute asthma attaks
report increased use or frequency
should take in the evening
tiotropium
Spiriva
Not indicated for rescue therapy/acute brochcospasm
drug may increase heart rate, mouth dryness, constipation, urinary difficulty, resp tract infection, sinusitis
capsules are for inhalation only and for device
levalbuterol
Xopenex HFA
shake inhaler before using, canister should be at room temp, prime for first use
breath out fully through mouth close lips around it, hold in for 10 seconds
wash mouthpiece and air dry at least once a week
store at room temp
ipratropium/albuterol
Combivent
proper technique
wash mouthpiece
store at room temp
fluticasone oral inhaler
Flovent HFA
proper technique
monitor for toxicity, adrenal insufficiency, oral candidiasis, worsening pulmonary function
fluticasone/salmeterol
Advair Diskus
proper technique
monitor for renal insufficiency, oral candidasis, and worsening pulmonary function
budesonide/formoterol
symbicort proper technique wash mouth piece store at room temp not for acute asthma attack
budesonide
Pulmicort Resuples
Pulmicort Flexhaler
proper technique
not for acute asthma attack
albuterol sulfate
ProAir HFA
proper technique
wash mouth piece
do not crush ER tablets
mometasone nasal inhaler
Nasonex
proper technique
monitor for adrenal insufficiency
triamcinolone nasal inhaler
Nasacort AQ
proper technique
monitor for adrenal insufficiency
azelastine
Astelin
avoid spraying in eyes
somnolence has been reported
avoid alcohol
Fexodenadine
Allegra
avoid mental alertness activity
fluticasone nasal inhaler
Flonase
proper technique
monitor for adrenal insufficiency
cetirizine
Zyrtec
avoid mental alertness activity
thyroid
Armour Thyroid
6-8 weeks before symptoms improvement
do not stop suddenly
take on empty stomach with water
levothyroxine
Synthroid 6-8 weeks before symptoms improvement do not stop suddenly take on empty stomach with water avoid antacids and iron within 2 hours of dose
levocetirizine
Xyzal
avoid mental alertness activity
ibandronate
boniva
take as soon as you get up in morning before you eat or drink
swallow tablet with entire glass of water
do not chew/suck
wait to eat/drink for 30 minutes
do not lie back down after taking med for at least 30 minutes
raloxifene
Evista
inc risk of blood clot
avoid sitting for long time
calcium and vit D supplementation should be considered
risendronate
Actonel, Atelvia
take as soon as you get up in morning before you eat or drink
swallow tablet with entire glass of water
do not chew/suck
wait to eat/drink for 30 minutes
do not lie back down after taking med for at least 30 minutes
testosterone
AndroGel,
apply to clean dry skin
not applied to genitals
swimming/showering should be avoided for 5-6 hours after application
keep site covered
be aware of changes in female family members
call doc if you have persistent erection
progesterone
Prometrium
menstrual bleeding should occur 3-7 days after last dose
alendronate
fosamax
take as soon as you get up in morning before you eat or drink
swallow tablet with entire glass of water
do not chew/suck
wait to eat/drink for 30 minutes
do not lie back down after taking med for at least 30 minutes
medroxyprogesterone
Provera
menstrual bleeding should occur 3-7 days after last dose
estradiol transdermal patch
Vivelle-DOT, Estraderm report abnormal vaginal bleeding do not smoke place patch on clean dry skin do not apply to breast or waistline
Estradiol oral
Estrace
report abnormal vaginal bleeding
do not smoke
conjugated estrogens/medroxyprogesterone
Prempro, Premphase
menstrual bleeding should occur 3-7 days after last dose
long term ADR: MI, stroke, DVT, PE, and breast cancer
conjugated estrogens
Premarin
long term ADR: MI, stroke, DVT, PE, and breast cancer
sitagliptin
Januvia
monitor BG 2-4 times per day
take with morning meal if once daily dosing
avoid alcohol = may cause disulfiram rxn
repaglinide
Prandin
monitor BG 2-4 times per day
take 15-30 minutesbefore each meal
up to four times/day
pioglitazone
Actos
monitor BG 2-4 times per day
may take weeks to see max effect
may take without regard to food
metformin
Glucophage monitor BG 2-4 times per day take with morning meal drink plenty of liquids avoid alcohol
insulin aspart
NovoLog, NovoLog FlexPen monitor BG 2-4 times per day store in fridge dispose of needles rotate injection site
insulin glargine
Lantus monitor BG 2-4 times per day store in fridge dispose of needles rotate injection site
insulin lispro
Humalog monitor BG 2-4 times per day store in fridge dispose of needles rotate injection site
insulin detemir
Levemir monitor BG 2-4 times per day store in fridge dispose of needles rotate injection site
glimepiride
Amaryl monitor BG 2-4 times per day take with food or milk use sunscreen avoid tanning bed do not drink alcohol
Glyburide
Micronase monitor BG 2-4 times per day take 30 minutes before morning meal use sunscreen avoid tanning bed do not drink alcohol
glipizide
Glucotrol monitor BG 2-4 times per day take 30 minutes before morning meal use sunscreen avoid tanning bed do not drink alcohol do not chew or crush
exenatide
Byetta prefilled pen that you inject use this medicine 1 hour before eating store unused medicine in fridge open pens, store at room temp throw pen away after 30 days monitor BG levels
