top 3 Flashcards
what renal anomaly is scimitar syndrome associated with
horseshoe lung - posterior right and left lung are fused
how many fluid fluid levels are there in cecal vs sigmoid volvulus
cecal volvulus has one fluid level as opposed to sigmoid which has 2 fluid levels
what is the dose of thrombin to give for a pseudo aneurysm
500-1000 units
what are the branches of the common femoral artery
deep femoral (profounda) and superficial femoral
what does the liver look like in budd chiari
nutmeg liver: central not peripheral enhancement and hyper plastic nodules (enhancing)
what is lobar nephronia
echogenic renal mass with increased color flow - intermediate btw acute pyelo and renal abcess
what are the diffs btw native AV fistula vs artificial dialysis graft
Native AV fistula: more durable and better longevity than artificial graft, but take longer to mature. Native fistula is end to side anastomosis, artificial graft is end to end anastomosis.
what vein persists in duplicated IVC? what vein persists in left SVC?
left supra cardinal vein. in left SVC it is persistence of left anterior cardinal vein.
what is the size of microspheres used in UAE?
500-700 micrometers
what is seen in the optic nerves in NMO? what is the treatment?
swollen optic nerves, hyperintense on T2 with increased enhancement bilaterally. Rx: Rituximab
what suture is prematurely closed in pointed forehead?
metopic suture - trigonocephaly
what is brachycephaly
premature closure of bicoronal or bilambdodid sutures with decreased AP diameter
what type of salter harris fracture is SCFE
type 1
what is von meyenberg complex
biliary hamartomas, see comet tail artifact
what renal disease is carols disease associated with?
medullary sponge kidney and ADPKD
what is the definition of power
probability that a type 2 error is avoided (type 2 error: study fails to reject null hypothesis when it is false)
what can a static magnetic field cause on EKG
augmentation of T waves
what does rapid gradient switching cause to a patient in MRI scanner
tingling/twitching arms due to peripheral nerve stimulation and thermal injury and skin skin interfaces
what are the parameters for liver transplant
age less than 65, 1 tumor less than 5 cm, up to 3 tumors less than 3 cm
what is the definition of diamagnetic and what are examples of diamagnetic substances
it opposes B0 and examples are calcium and water
what are paramagnetic agents
weakly attracted to B0, Gd and deoxyhb are examples
what is ferromagnetic agents
strongly attracted to B0, iron and cobalt
what is the next step for an adrenal mass in a patient with history of cancer
FDG PET or biopsy
what are hyper vascular mets to the liver
renal, thyroid, melanoma, NE tumors, pancreatic islet cell tumors
what happens to SNR as u increase b value in DWI imaging
decreases SNR
what are causes for delayed bowel visualization on HIDA
morphine or CCK before the exam, chronic cholecystitis, CBD obstruction, SBO
what is the treatment for pituitary apoplexy
steroids
what is diastomyelia? diplomyelia?
diasto: split cord, diplo: duplicated cord
what is the artery that feeds a gloms jugulare
ascending pharyngeal
what artery and nerve can be injured in subtler dislocation?
posterior tibial artery and tibial nerve
what is the definition in time frame to call non union of a fracture
6 months
what is the #1 cause of budd chiari
idiopathic
what is the size criteria for giant hemangioma?
4 cm
what does the hypoechoic halo seen on ultrasound in “target lesion” signify?
edema
what are causes of liver capsular retraction?
cholangioca, hemangioendothelioma, schirrous breast mets (pseudocirrhosis)
what are the most common mets to the spleen?
melanoma
what organ is missing in patients after liver transplant?
gallbladder
what is the mgmt for GB polyps 5-10 mm and those more than 10 mm?
5-10 mm, follow. more than 10 mm: surgery
what gender is gangrenous cholecystitis more common in? GB carcinoma?
gangrenous: men GB ca: women
is there vascular flow seen in GB ca and polyps
no
