top 200 drugs

Question 1

Esomeprazole, Omeprazole, Pantoprazole, Lansoprazole, Rabeprazole, Dexlanoprazole

Answer 1

PPI
Use: acid reflux, stomach/ duodenal ulcers, PUD, GERD, esophagitis, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, Helicobacter infection , heartburn

Question 2

Pantoprazole

Answer 2

PPI

Erosive esophagitis , GERD

Question 3

Rabeprazole

Answer 3

PPI

NON-enzymatic reduction pathway metabolized

Question 4

Esomeprazole, Omeprazole, Pantoprazole, Lansoprazole, Dexlanoprazole

Answer 4

P450 metabolized

Question 5

Gemfibrozil

Fenofibrate

Answer 5

PPAR alpha agonists
Fibrates/ Antihyperlipidemic Drugs

MOA: inhibit lipolysis, decrease VLDL, increase HDL, prevent major coronary events

Question 6

ADR of Gemfibrozil and Fenofibrate

Answer 6

Hepatotoxic, avoid in women, Native American, obese, neutropenia

Question 7

Ezetimbe

Answer 7

Cholesterol absorption inhibitor
Decrease total cholesterol, LDL, TG, increase HDL

• May raise AST/ ALT with combo of statin

Question 8

Niacin

Answer 8

Antihyperlipidemic Drug
Inhibit FFA mobilization from adipose tissue
Mixed hyperlipoproteinemia , raise HDL lower TG

This + statin = myopathy
Worsens glucose tolerance
C/I - gout pud liver DM

Question 9

Omega 3

Answer 9

Fish oil; reduce TG

Question 10

Irbesartan

Answer 10

A2RB
For HTN in diabetic with thiazide diuertic
NO cough,
C/I : pregnancy, renal stenosis

Question 11

Ranitidine

Famotidine

Answer 11

H2 BLOCKER Drugs
Heartburn, acid indigestion, stomach ulcers, GERD, Zollinger

• GERD, Hives, Helicobacter

act as preventive doses before exercise/meals
intermittent to mild GERD

Question 12

Prednisone

Answer 12

Corticosteroids

asthma, COPD, allergies, ulcerative colitis, crohns, hives, inflammation, arthritis, lupus

Question 13

Methylprednisolone

Answer 13

Corticosteroid

arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, ulcerative colitis, endocrine disorders

Question 14

Methotrexate

Answer 14

Immunomodulator
RA, psoriasis, cancers,
Antifolate
Abortion , molar pregnancy

Question 15

Ondansetron

Answer 15

5-HT3 Antagonist

Treatment and prevention for postop n/v
Chemotherapy induced vomit

Question 16

Metoclopramide

Answer 16

Dopamine Blocker
N/V, gastroparesis
-Promote gastric emptying, increase SI peristalsis (prokinetic effects)
-C/I = GI perforation, obstruction, hemorrhage
- Extrapyramidal effects
- CV = HTN, HPOTN, Brady, AV block
- agranulocytosis

Question 17

Promethazine

Answer 17

Antihistamine
N/V, motion sickness
- Must use SLOW IV PUSH, DANGER for extravasation
- ADR- parkinsonian, neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Question 18

Meclizine

Answer 18

Antihistamine

Motion sickness, vertigo

Question 19

Simvastatin, Pravastatin, Atorvastatin, Rosuvastatin

Answer 19

HMG COA- REDUCTASE INHIBITORS
Lower cholesterol to reduce heart disease
- C/I= pregnancy, liver dz, renal dz

Question 20

Pioglitazone

Answer 20

TZD
Used in Type 2 Diabetes
- Increase insulin sensitivity
- BBW: CHF (edema, rapid weight gain)

Question 21

Sitagliptan

Answer 21

DPP-4 Inhibitor
Type 2 Diabetes
- Increase insulin secretion
- no weight gain, no hypoglycemia

Question 22

Metformin

Answer 22

1 for DM 2

No weight gain, rare hypolgycemia
Lactic acidosis risk
Increase insulin sensitivity and decrease hepatic glucose production.

Question 23

Glipizide

Glyburide

Answer 23

Sulfonylurea
DM 2
Weight gain, hypoglycemia
Increase insulin secretion,

Question 24

Insulin

Answer 24

Basal
DM #1
Hypoglycemia, Hypokalemia, weight gain

Question 25

Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Melociam,

Answer 25

NSAID

• Fever, mild-moderate pain
• anti-inflammatory
• GI and CV effects

Question 26

Hydrocodone/APAP, Codeine/APAP, Oxycodone/APAP

Answer 26

Opiod-combo
Pain relief
Risk of hepatotoxicity

Question 27

Oxycodone

Answer 27

Opiod
Less effective than morphine
Pain relief

Question 28

Methadone

Answer 28

Opiod
Analgesic and substitute for morphine/heroin
-Long-acting chronic pain control
Equal potency to morphine, but less euphoria

Question 29

Fentanyl

Answer 29

Opiod

• Stronger than morphine
• moderate to severe pain
• use if CV unstable
• pt education about patch risk of breathing problems

Question 30

Tramadol

Answer 30

Opiod

• Mild to moderate pain
• inhibit NE/ serotonin CNS uptake

Question 31

Buprenorphine

Answer 31

Partial Opiod Agonist

• Moderate to severe chronic pain
• Tx OPIOD ADDICTION
• 20x more potent than morphine

Question 32

Gabapentin

Answer 32

GABA Analogue

• Seizure
• neuropathic pain : peripheral neuropathy from diabetes, post-herpes

Question 33

Cyclobenzaprine

Answer 33

Muscle Relaxer
- Muscle injury/ spasm 
- Off label use for fibromyalgia
ADR: drowsiness
C/I : increased risk of serotonin syndrome with MAOI

Question 34

Carisoprodol

Answer 34

Muscle Relaxer

• Pain
• Abuse potential
• ADR: drowsy
• Barbituate effects

Question 35

Ibandronate

Alendronate

Answer 35

Bisphosphonate

• Osteoporosis
• Monthly
• Weekly
• increase bone mineral density

Question 36

Vitamin D

Answer 36

Supplement
Rickets, osteomalacia, IBD, elderly/obese, breast fed babies
- rare toxicity, associate with hypercalcemia

Question 37

Potassium

Answer 37

Supplement
Hypokalemia : muscle cramp, flat T wave
Hyperkalemia : paralyzed, peak T wave, wide QRS
-involved in resting cell-membrane potential, hormone secretion, GI motility, fluid/electrolyte balance

Question 38

Folic Acid

Answer 38

Supplement
Megaloblastic macrocytic anemia, NTDs
- MTX, metformin cause deficiencies

Question 39

Allopurinol

Answer 39

Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor

• prevent gout attacks
• reduce uric acid in blood
• ADR : SJS

Question 40

Colchicine

Answer 40

Toxic Plant Extract

• Prevent gout, mitotic inhibitor
• C/I in renal failure

Question 41

Raloxifene

Answer 41

SERM
Postmenopausal osteoporosis, prevent risk of invasive BCA
BBW- blood clot risk, must take Vitamin D and calcium