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BDS1 CDS: Restorative Dentistry > Toothwear and Occlusion > Flashcards

Toothwear and Occlusion Flashcards

1
Q

Define “occlusion”

A

The study of the relationship between the upper and lower teeth when they are close together

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2
Q

What is the functional purpose of occlusion?

A

The functional purpose of bringing the teeth together is for chewing and swallowing

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3
Q

Which muscles are important for occlusion?

A

Temporalis, Masseter, Pterygoid muscles

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4
Q

What is the purpose of the muscles of mastication?

A

To move the jaws into position to allow the teeth to contact

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5
Q

Which position is the mandible in when the teeth are apart?

A

Rest position

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6
Q

Which position is the mandible in when there is maximal inter-cuspation of the teeth?

A

Intercuspal Position (ICP)

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7
Q

What is the intercuspal position (ICP)?

A

The position in which the teeth are maximally meshed together
It is the position the mandible aims for at the end of chewing.
Provides maximal stability for the teeth and the jaws

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8
Q

Describe the contact points of posterior teeth when the mandible is in the intercuspal position

A

The lower buccal cusps and upper palatal cusps occlude against the fossae and marginal ridges of the occluding teeth

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9
Q

Describe the contact points of the anterior teeth when the mandible is in the intercuspal position

A

The lower incisal edges and canine tips occlude against the cingulum area of the opposing teeth

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10
Q

Where are forces directed in teeth in ideal occlusal contacts?

A

Down the long axis of teeth

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11
Q

What can we use to assess suspected ICP?

A

Shimstock
Place the shimstock between opposing teeth and ask patient to bite down.
If the teeth are in ideal occlusion, should not be able to remove the shimstock.

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12
Q

How thick is shimstock?

A

10 microns

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13
Q

What is the purpose of articulating paper?

A

To assess the occlusion intra-orally.

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14
Q

Describe the features of a balanced occlusion

A
  • Even, bilateral contacts in the ICP
  • Anterior teeth contact evenly when the mandible protrudes
  • Contact with teeth in the opposing arch
  • Contact with adjacent teeth in the opposing arch
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15
Q

Describe the components of the temporomandibular joint

A

The head of condoyle fits into the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone

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16
Q

What happens to the head of condoyle during protrusion of the mandible?

A

The head of condoyle translates downwards and forwards in the mandibular fossa

17
Q

How is “guidance” studied?

A

By observing movement of the mandible from ICP “outwards”

18
Q

Describe group function

A

When the mandible swings laterally and there are several teeth contacting

19
Q

What is canine guidance also known as?

A

Posterior discussion

20
Q

Describe canine guidance

A

When the mandible moves laterally with the tips of the canines being the only teeth in the arch which are touching

21
Q

What is an articulator and what can it be used for?

A
  • A device in which dental casts are help in relationship to each other
  • Can be used to replicate mandibular movements
22
Q

Define “attrition”

A
  • The loss of tooth substance caused by contact between occluding surfaces
  • Caused by parafunctional rather than functional activity
23
Q

Define “parafunction”

A

Purposeless clenching or grinding of the teeth (bruxism)

24
Q

Define “erosion”

A

The loss of tooth substance by a chemical process (acid) not involving bacterial action

25
Q

Define “abrasion”

A

Loss of tooth substance cased by abnormal rubbing from a non-dental object. Most commonly caused by a toothbrush

26
Q

What is toothier often due to?

A

A combination of attrition, erosion and abrasion

27
Q

What does translation mean in relation to movement of the jaw?

A

Downwards and forwards

28
Q

What is the purpose of restorations in teeth?

A

Replace lost tooth tissue and to “restore” form, function and appearance

29
Q

Why may restorations fail?

A
  • Secondary (recurrent) caries
  • Fracture of the restoration or tooth
  • Pulp death
  • Incompatibility with periodontal tissues
  • Poor appearance
30
Q

What can poorly fitting crown margins be associated with?

A

Gingivitis

31
Q

What should an intra-oral examination include?

A
  • Assessment of the occlusion, both static and functional
  • Looking for signs of toothwear
  • Evaluation of existing restorations
32
Q

The jaw can be divided into “working” and “non-working” sides. What do these terms refer to?

A
  • Rotation happens on the working side

- Translation happens on the non-working side

BDS1 CDS: Restorative Dentistry (2 decks)

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