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Module 5 - Paeds > Toothbrushing > Flashcards

Toothbrushing Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 factors necessary for caries?

A
  • susceptible environment
  • bacterial biofilm
  • time
  • fermentable carbohydrates
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2
Q

What guideleines for caries prevention are followed in children?

A

Sign 138

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3
Q

At what age can we start placing fluoride varnish?

A

18 months.

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4
Q

What are the 5 stages of motivational interviewing?

A
  1. explore current practice and attitudes using motivational interviewing.
  2. educational intervention.
  3. action planning
  4. encouraging habit formation
  5. repeat at each recall visit
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5
Q

What is an interviewing method of gaining empathy?

A

SOARS
- seek permission
- open questions
- affirmations
- reflective listening
- summarizing

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6
Q

How many dental packs (minimum) has childsmile given a child by the age of 5?

A

6 times.
- age 1 (1 pack) age 3 (2 packs), age 4 (2 packs), age 5 (1 pack).

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7
Q

What are 3 characteristics required for behavior change

A

KSA: knowledge, attitude, skiils

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8
Q

What toothpaste would you advise for children up to the age of 18 years with standard caries risk?

A

1000 to 1500 ppm

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9
Q

What toothpaste would you advise for children up to the age of 10 years with high caries risk?

A

1500ppm

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10
Q

What toothpaste would you advise for children from 10 to 16 years at high caries risk?

A

2,800ppm

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11
Q

What toothpaste would you advise for children over 16 years with high caries risk

A

2800ppm (can also consider 5000ppm).

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12
Q

What amount of toothpaste should be used in children under 3?

A

smear (0.1mL)

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13
Q

How much fluoride is contained in a smear of 1000ppm fluoride toothpaste?

A

0.1mg F

a smear = 0.1ml.
0.1ml x 1mg F/g = 0.1mg F

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14
Q

What amount of tooth should be used in children more than 3 to less than 7?

A

a pea size (0.25mL)

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15
Q

What index is used to measure dental plaque in children?

A

silness and loe

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16
Q

What does the silness and loe index measure? (+ give detail)

A

measures PLAQUE.

0: tooth surface clean
1: appears clean but dental black can be removed from GINGIVAL MARGIN
2: visible plaque along gingival margin.
3: tooth surface covered with abundant plaque

Note the WORST SITE in each sextant

17
Q

Until what age is it recommended to supervise child toothrbushing?

A

under age 7/ cannot tie their own shoelaces

18
Q

what is the blue and pink color after disclosing?

A

blue is old plaque, pink is newer plaque

19
Q

are powered or manual toothbrushes recommended for children?

A
  • NO EVIDENCE THAT POWERED TOOTHBRUSHES ARE MORE EFFECTIVE AT PREVENTING DENTAL CARIES IN CHILDREN COMPARED TO MANUL TOOTBRUSHES.
20
Q

How do you do OHI on a child that cannot brush independently yet?

A
  • is child under 7/ cannot tie shoelaces?
    1. ask if they can see plaque.
    2. lie them back and disclose teeth.
    3. sit them up, rinse and spit.
    4. watch the child brush and ensure they can reach all surfaces.
    5. watch the parent brush the childs teeth and refer again to all sections and surfaces of teeth.
    6. clinician should finish brushing to show child how clean teeth can get with good brushing.
21
Q

what are two important features of first permanent molars? What should the parent be instructed to do to keep them clean?

A
  1. can take up to 2 years to fully come in occlusion.
  2. immature enamel makes them more caries prone.
  • parent should pull the cheek back and do lateral brushing
22
Q

how often should a worn toothbrush be replaced?

A

no evidence, typically recommend 3 times a month

23
Q

for how long should teeth be brushed?

A

no evidence - recommended 2 minutes.

24
Q

what is the recommended toothbrushing method? why?

A

modified bass technique - more effective at reducing gingivitis.

25
Q

What is the recommendation for flossing in children?

A

insufficient evidence that flossing helps reduce dental caries in children however USE COMMON SENSE IN SELECT CASES.

26
Q

What are the big 6 of child toothbrushing?

A
  1. adult strength toothpaste (>1000ppm).
  2. pea sized if under 7 (smear if under 3).
  3. twice per day.
  4. 2 mins each time.
  5. spit don’t rinse.
  6. nothing after brushing at night.
27
Q

What is the concentration of topical fluoride? How many mLs do you give for specific ages?

A

22600ppm.

0.25ml for 2-5 years
0.4ml for 6 and over

28
Q

when is topical fluoride contraindicated?

A

Patients with an allergy to colophony.* Patients with ulcerative gingivitis/stomatitis.* Patients who have been hospitalised due to severe asthma or allergy.

29
Q

What should you advise the patient after applying topical fluoride varnish?

A

Avoid eating and drinking for 30 minutes - do not brush teeth for at least 4 hours.

30
Q
A

Module 5 - Paeds (2 decks)

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