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Tooth Morphology > Tooth Morphology: Final > Flashcards

Tooth Morphology: Final Flashcards

1
Q

What is the order of dimensions for a primary maxillary central?

A

MD>IC>FL

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2
Q

True or False: MD outlines exhibit more convexity than permanents for primary maxillary centrals

A

True

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3
Q

Which primary tooth has a possible lingual ridge?

A

Maxillary Central

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4
Q

True or False: Root is shorter relative to crown height in primary maxillary centrals?

A

False: longer

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5
Q

What is the root cross section of a primary maxillary central?

A

Triangular

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6
Q

From an incisal view what is the shape of the primary maxillary central?

A

Diamond

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7
Q

On which side of a primary maxillary central root is there a concavity?

A

Mesial

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8
Q

Where is the incisal edge of a primary maxillary central relative the the mid-root axis?

A

Facial

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9
Q

Which direction is a primary maxillary central deflected?

A

facially

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10
Q

What are the order of dimensions for a primary maxillary lateral?

A

IC>MD>FL

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11
Q

What is the outline of a primary maxillary lateral from an incisal view?

A

Circular

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12
Q

True or False: their is less angle rounding in a primary maxillary later?

A

False: more angle rounding

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13
Q

What is the outline of a primary maxillary canine?

A

Diamond

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14
Q

What is unique about the proximal HOC for primary maxillary canines?

A

M & D HOC at same level with mesial possibly more cervical

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15
Q

Which primary tooth has the longest root?

A

Maxillary canine

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16
Q

Which cusp ridge is longer in a primary maxillary canine?

A

Mesial

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17
Q

What is the cross section of the primary maxillary canine root?

A

Triangular

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18
Q

True or False: The primary maxillary canine has a prominent cingulum and lingual ridges

A

True

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19
Q

What tooth does the primary maxillary first molar resemble?

A

Maxillary 1st Pre-Molar

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20
Q

What is the widest crown dimensions of the primary maxillary 1st molar?

A

FL

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21
Q

How many sides does that occlusal outline of the primary maxillary 1st molar have?

A

5 sides

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22
Q

Which primary maxillary tooth has a MB bulge?

A

Maxillary 1st Molar

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23
Q

The oblique ridge of the primary maxillary 1st molar connects which cusps?

A

ML & DB

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24
Q

The facial CE line of the primary maxillary 1st molar has a curvature towards which side?

A

Mesial side

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25
Q

What is the largest cusp on the primary maxillary 1st molar?

A

ML

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26
Q

Where is the facial groove located on the primary maxillary 1st molar?

A

More distally

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27
Q

True or False: The primary maxillary 1st molar has a prominent mesial marginal ridge?

A

True

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28
Q

What cusps does the transverse ridge connect on the primary maxillary 1st molar?

A

ML & MB

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29
Q

How many fossae/pits does the maxillary primary 1st molar have? What is their size order from largest to smallest?

A

3, mesial>central>distal

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30
Q

Which cusp tip is the longest and sharpest in the primary maxillary 1st molar?

A

ML

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31
Q

True or False: The primary maxillary 1st molar has a large root trunk?

A

False; no root trunk (or very short)

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32
Q

True or False: The primary maxillary 2nd molar is smaller than the 1st?

A

False, it’s larger

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33
Q

Which primary molar has the greatest root divergence?

A

Maxillary 2nd Molar

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34
Q

Which tooth does the primary maxillary 2nd molar most closely resemble?

A

Permanent Maxillary 1st Molar

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35
Q

Which primary tooth has a cusp of carabelli?

A

Maxillary 2nd Molar

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36
Q

Which primary tooth has a more prominent cingulum, but less prominent marginal ridges and lingual fossa?

A

Mandibular Central

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37
Q

True or False: M & D outlines are evenly convex on a primary mandibular central?

A

True

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38
Q

On the primary mandibular central where is the incisal edge relative to the mid root axis?

A

Centered

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39
Q

What are the order of dimensions for a primary mandibular central?

A

MD>FL>IC

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40
Q

Which direction do the incisal edges slope in a primary mandibular lateral?

A

Distally

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41
Q

Which direction does that cingulum bulge towards in the primary mandibular lateral?

A

Distally

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42
Q

Which edge is more rounded in a primary mandibular central?

A

Distal

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43
Q

What direction does the root of a primary mandibular central lean?

A

Distally and Facially

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44
Q

Which primary mandibular tooth has the longest root?

A

Mandibular Canine

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45
Q

Which primary canine is narrower FL and has a sharper cusp tip?

A

Mandibular Canine

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46
Q

Which primary tooth is unlike any other tooth?

A

Mandibular 1st Molar

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47
Q

Which dimension is larger in a primary mandibular 1st molar, MD or FL?

A

MD

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48
Q

On which side of the primary mandibular 1st molar is the OC dimension greater?

A

Mesial

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49
Q

What is unique about the F and L root surfaces of the primary mandibular 1st molar?

A

They are almost parallel

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50
Q

Which root is much wider and longer on a primary mandibular 1st molar?

A

Mesial

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51
Q

Which direction is the facial CE line offset to in the primary mandibular 1st molar?

A

Mesial

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52
Q

True or False: The primary mandibular 1st molar has a MB bulge?

A

True

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53
Q

What are the four cusps of the primary mandibular 1st molar from greatest to smallest?

A

MB>ML>DB>DL

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54
Q

In which teeth is the mesial HOC more cervical than distal?

A

permanent mandibular 1st pre-molar, permanent mandibular central, primary maxillary canine, primary mandibular 1st molar

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55
Q

Which tooth has a prominent mesial transverse ridge?

A

Primary Mandibular 1st Molar

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56
Q

True or False: the primary mandibular 1st molar doesn’t have a distal pit?

A

True

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57
Q

What is unique about the occlusal table of the primary mandibular 1st molar?

A

It is wider on the distal side than the mesial

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58
Q

Which primary tooth has the narrowest occlusal table?

A

Mandibular 1st Molar

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59
Q

Which tooth does the primary mandibular 2nd molar resemble?

A

Permanent mandibular 1st molar

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60
Q

True of False: All three facial cusps are more similar in size in a primary mandibular 2nd molar?

A

True

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61
Q

True or False: the occlusal table of the primary mandibular 2nd is wider?

A

False; it’s narrower

62
Q

True or False: the primary mandibular 2nd molar has very little root trunk?

63
Q

True or false: are the F and L surfaces of the mesial root of a primary mandibular 2nd molar nearly parallel?

64
Q

How much of enamel is inorganic?

65
Q

What is the fundamental unit of enamel?

A

enamel rods or prism

66
Q

What form enamel?

A

Ameloblast cells

67
Q

What is the hardness of enamel on the Knoop scale?

68
Q

True or False: Deep enamel is harder than peripheral enamel?

69
Q

What is the hardness of enamel on Moh’s scale?

70
Q

True or False: Density increases from DEG to surface?

71
Q

True or False: enamel is prone to splitting

72
Q

What supports/cushions the enamel?

73
Q

What mineral reduces solubility and increases hardness?

74
Q

Which layer of the tooth has pores?

75
Q

What is the chemical composition of enamel??

A

inorganic 96%, organic 1%, water 3-4%

76
Q

What is the inorganic component mostly?

A

hydroxylapatite; Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2

77
Q

What layer is described as having key hole shape?

78
Q

How do enamel rods radiate from the DEG on primary teeth?

A

They are perpendicular to the DEG

79
Q

What are incremental growth lines in enamel called?

A

Lines of Retzius

80
Q

What are lines of retzius formed by?

A

hypomineralized bands

81
Q

What is the wave like characterization of the lines of retzius called?

A

Perikymata

82
Q

What are the alternating light and dark bands of enamel called?

A

Hunter-Schreger Bands

83
Q

True or False: The dark bands of the enamel rods are called parazones?

A

False: diazones

84
Q

What is the main component of tooth structure?

85
Q

What is dentin formed from?

A

Odontoblast cells

86
Q

What makes up the shape of dentin?

A

Dentinal tubules

87
Q

What are odontoblast processes?

A

extensions of odontoblast cells within dentinal tubules

88
Q

What’s the Knoop hardness of dentin?

89
Q

True or False: Does dentin have an elastic property?

90
Q

True or False: Dentin isn’t very permeable?

A

False; it’s highly permeable (decreases with age)

91
Q

What is the chemical composition of dentin?

A

75% inorganic, 20% Organic, 5% water

92
Q

How much greater is the presence of fluoride in dentin vs. enamel?

93
Q

Where is fluoride most concentrated?

A

closer to the pulp

94
Q

What is the organic portion of dentin mostly made up of?

A
  • Collagen (glycine, alanine, proline, hydroxyproline)

- Some lipids (cholesterol)

95
Q

Where are the tubules of dentin narrower?

A

Towards the DEJ

96
Q

Which is more mineralized, peritubular dentin or intertubular dentin?

A

Peritubular dentin

97
Q

What is intertubular dentin mainly made of?

A

collagenous fibers cross-crossing between tubules

98
Q

Where are Lines of Owen found?

99
Q

What does the neonatal line show?

A

demarcation between prenatal and postnatal dentin

100
Q

Where are neonatal lines found?

A

In primary teeth and cusps of the permanent first molars

101
Q

What is tertiary dentin?

A

Reparative secondary dentin

102
Q

What is secondary dentin?

A

Physiologic secondary dentin

103
Q

What characterizes sclerotic dentin?

A

tubules obliterated by minerals

104
Q

What characterizes dead tracts?

A

tubules with dead odontoblast processes

105
Q

How does cementum attach to alveolus?

A

Via sharpey’s fibers and periodontal ligaments

106
Q

What forms cementum?

A

cementoblasts

107
Q

What color is cementum?

A

light yellow

108
Q

What is the chemical composition of cementum?

A

50% inorganic (hydroxylapatite), 50% organic material and water

109
Q

Where is acellular cementum found?

A

cervical 2/3 of root

110
Q

Where is cellular cementum found?

A

apical 1/3 of root

111
Q

Why does cellular cementum form?

A

Result of trauma

112
Q

What is cellular cementum mainly composed of?

A

cementocytes

113
Q

What is acellular cementum mainly composed of?

A

calcified substance

114
Q

Where is pulp chamber located?

A

Within the anatomical crown and cervical 1/3 of the root

115
Q

Where is the pulp chamber floor located?

A

Just apical to the CE line

116
Q

What is the constricted opening at or near the root apex which nerves and blood supply pass through called?

A

Apical foramen

117
Q

Where are later accessory canals most often found?

A

In the apical third of the root

118
Q

What is an excess canal called?

A

supplementary canal

119
Q

What is an anastomosis?

A

a branch that horizontally connects between canals

120
Q

What are the functions of the pulp tissue?

A

Formation of dentin, nutrition, sensation, defense and protection

121
Q

What is the Zone of Weil

A

a cell free layer

122
Q

What is the cell rich zone of the pulp composed of?

A

fibroblasts, macrophages, lymphocytes

123
Q

What is in the central pulp region?

A

blood and lymph vessels, nerve fibers

124
Q

How many pulp horns does a maxillary central have?

125
Q

How many pulp horns does a maxillary lateral have?

126
Q

How many pulp horns does a mandibular incisor have?

127
Q

How many canals do mandibular incisors have?

128
Q

Which cavity has the greatest FL dimension of anteriors?

A

Maxillary canine

129
Q

How many pulp horns does a maxillary canine have?

A

None, but has a pointed incisal portion

130
Q

What is the cervical cross section of a maxillary canine?

131
Q

How many mandibular canines show two roots and two canals?

132
Q

What is unique abut the pulp canals of the maxillary first pre-molar?

A

The diameter of the lingual canal is wider than the buccal canal

133
Q

Which canal is longest on a maxillary first pre-molar?

A

Buccal Canal

134
Q

What’s the cervical cross section of a maxillary first pre-molar?

A

Bean shaped

135
Q

How many canals and roots does a maxillary second pre-molar usually have?

A

one canal and one root

136
Q

How many pulp horns and canals does a mandibular first pre-molar have?

A

2 pulp horns and 1 canal

137
Q

How many pulp horns and pulp canals does a mandibular second pre-molar typically have?

A

2 or 3 pulp horns and 1 pulp canal

138
Q

How many pulp horns and canals does a maxillary 1st molar have?

A

4 pulp horns and 3-4 pulp canals

139
Q

Which pulp canal is largest on a maxillary 1st molar? What shape is it MD?

A

Lingual, ovoid

140
Q

How many pulp horns and canals does a mandibular first molar typically have?

A

5 pulp horns and 3-4 pulp canals

141
Q

On a mandibular first molar which cross section of canals is largest and what shape is it?

A

Distal, ovoid

142
Q

Which cross section of the canals is smallest in a mandibular 1st molar?

143
Q

How many pulp horns does a mandibular 2nd molar have?

144
Q

How many canals does a mandibular 2nd molar have?

A

Usually 3, but sometimes only 2 canals*

145
Q

What are the order of dimensions for a maxillary central?

146
Q

What is the widest MD of all anterior teeth?

A

Maxillary central

147
Q

What anterior tooth has the most flat facial CE line?

A

Maxillary central

148
Q

How many mamelons in a maxillary central?

149
Q

What is the distal HOC of the maxillary central?

A

Incisal-middle third

150
Q

What has the longest root of any molar?

A

Mandibular 1st molar

151
Q

What molar and cusp are the sharpest?

A

Maxillary 1st molar, MB cusp

Tooth Morphology (1 decks)

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