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OSF - oral anatomy > Tooth Morphology > Flashcards

Tooth Morphology Flashcards

1
Q

Mandibular central incisor - Labial Aspect

A
  • Crown 2x long as mesiodistal aspect
  • Roughly triangular with base at incisal line
  • Rounded CEJ
  • Mesio-incisal angle sharper than distal
  • Convex surface; flatter mesio-distally at incisal edge
  • Contact area in the incisal 1/3
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2
Q

Mandibular central incisor - Lingual Aspect

A
  • Smooth and slightly concave from incisal to cervix
  • Less concave from mesial to distal
  • Cingulum, mesial and distal marginal ridges less defined than maxillary centrals
  • Lingual pits/fissures rarely present
  • Apical 1/3 may have slight distal inclination
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3
Q

Mandibular central incisor - Mesial and Distal Aspects

A
  • Incisal edge has lingual inclination
  • Triangular in outline (base towards root)
  • CEJ more pronounced on mesial aspect
  • Distal root developmental groove deeper than mesial
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4
Q

Mandibular central incisor - Root structure

A
  • Flat below CEJ
  • Developmental depression on mesial and distal aspects
  • Distal groove deeper than mesial
  • Apex may have slight distal inclination
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5
Q

Maxillary central incisor - Labial Aspect

A
  • Crown - 4 line margins
  • Cervical margin crests towards distal
  • Convex from mesial-distal and cervical to incisal
  • Mesial margin- longer and straighter than the distal
  • Mesio incisal angle sharper than distal
  • Contact area in incisal 1/3
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6
Q

Maxillary central incisor - Palatal Aspect

A
  • Concave crown
  • Distinct mesial and distal ridges
  • Shovel shaped
  • Cingulum may be single or divided
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7
Q

Maxillary central incisor - Mesial and Distal Aspects

A
  • Crown is triangular/wedge shaped: base at cervical 1/3 and apex at incisal apex
  • cervical curvature of the CEJ is usually greater on mesial aspect
  • Less defined CEJ on distal
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8
Q

Maxillary Central Incisor - Root Structure

A
  • Conical in shape
  • Rounded at apex
  • 1 root canal, 2 pulp cornua
  • Immature/newly emerged teeth more sensitive to thermal changes
  • Pulp chamber decreases with age
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9
Q

Mandibular Lateral Incisor - Labial Aspect

A
  • Slightly wider mesio-distally and longer inciso-cervically than central incisor
  • Mesial side slightly longer than distal
  • Distal lobe is larger than mesial lobe
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10
Q

Mandibular Lateral Incisor - Lingual Aspect

A
  • Lingual fossa slightly more developed
  • Root is usually straight, longer and thicker
  • Proximal grooves often give appearance of double root
  • Apex may have a labial/distal inclination
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11
Q

Maxillary Lateral Incisor - Labial Aspect

A
  • Same line angles as the central: Mesial and distal line angles are more curved
  • Labial surface: more convex than central
  • Narrower mesio-distally and shorter cervico-incisally than the central
  • Mesio incisal angle is sharper than the distal
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12
Q

Maxillary Lateral Incisor - Palatal Aspect

A
  • Mesial and distal margins are more pronounced
  • Cingulum is usually prominent –> palatal concavity appears deeper
  • Deep pit may be present in the cingulum
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13
Q

Maxillary Lateral Incisor - Mesial and Distal Aspects

A
  • Wedge shaped
  • Greater curvature of CEJ on mesial
  • Distal surface rounded
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14
Q

Maxillary Lateral Incisor - Root Structure

A
  • Same length as central root: may be longer
  • Apical 1/3 often distally inclined and terminates sharply
  • Narrow/Flattened mesiodistally
  • 2 pulp cornua
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15
Q

Mandibular Canines - Labial Aspect

A
  • Crown generally narrower mesiodistally than maxillary crown
  • Crown longer and more symmetrical than maxillary
  • Mesio-incisal angle shorter than distal
  • More pronounced labial ridge
  • Cusp tip not as developed as maxillary crown
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16
Q

Mandibular Canine - Lingual Aspect

A
  • Lingual features less pronounced
  • No lingual pits
  • Ridges less distinct
  • Lingual fossae less developed
17
Q

Mandibular Canine - Mesial Aspect

A
  • Wedge shaped and a pointed cusp
  • Less developed cingulum and thinner marginal ridges
  • Cusp tip is on the long axis of the tooth
  • Cervical line curves toward the incisal aspect
18
Q

Mandibular Canine - Distal Aspect

A
  • Wedge Shaped
  • Both mesial and distal proximal surfaces are longer than those of the 13 and 23
  • Cervical line shows less curvature toward the cusp tip
  • Distal surface above the contact point shows a greater concavity
19
Q

Maxillary Canine - Labial Aspect

A
  • Cusp tip forms approx 1/3 of crown
  • Distal marginal ridge is more developed and heavier than the mesial
  • Mid lobe extension is most developed and forms cusp tip
  • Palatal lobe: longer and thicker than the incisors, canines are wider labiopalatally
20
Q

Maxillary Canine - Proximal Aspect

A
  • Distal marginal ridge is more developed and heavier than the mesial
  • Distal surface is smaller and more concave than mesial above the contact point
  • Mesial root has a comparatively shallow depression
21
Q

Canine Root

A
  • Triangular (resist deplacement forces)
  • Wider labially than palatally
  • Apex generally blunt
  • May have palatal or distal inclination
  • Developmental depression appears to divide the root into two (anchorage and prevention of rotation)
22
Q

Mandibular 1st premolar - Buccal Aspect

A
  • Large and sharp buccal cusp, similar to lower canine
  • Develops from 3 facial lobes and 1 lingual lobe
  • Mid lobe most developed
  • Mesial cusp ridge is shorter than distal
  • Convex mesio-distally and cervico-occlusally
23
Q

Mandibular 1st premolar - Lingual Aspect

A
  • Crown tapers lingually
  • Lingual cusp small and pointed
  • Mesiolingual developmental groove crosses over mesial groove
  • Most of buccal cusp is visible from lingual aspect
24
Q

Mandibular 1st premolar - Occlusal Aspect

A
  • Rounded shape
  • Mid buccal lobe forms bulk of crown: forms part of a transverse ridge
  • Very small lingual cusp
  • Both cusps lingually inclinded
  • 2 fossa present - mesial and distal
  • Mesial fossa smallest - mesial pit and mesiolingual development groove travels over the mesiolingual marginal ridge
  • Distal fossa much larger, presents with a broader contact area
25
Q

Mandibular 1st premolar - Proximal Aspects

A
  • Mesiolingual groove is visible only on mesial aspect
  • Distal marginal ridge is more developed than the mesial
  • Convexity of distal aspect is greater than the mesial
26
Q

Mandibular 2nd premolar - Buccal Aspect

A
  • shorter buccal cusp than 1st premolar
  • Mesiobuccal and distobuccal ridges are more rounded
  • Cusp tip is displaced toward the mesial
27
Q

Mandibular 2nd premolar - Lingual surfaces

A
  • Lingual cusps are larger than 1st premolar

- 3 cusp form has a lingual developmental groove between the 2 lingual cusps

28
Q

Mandibular 2nd premolar - proximal surfaces

A
  • Distal marginal ridge is lower than mesial marginal ridge
  • Broad proximal contact area
  • No mesiolingual developmental groove
29
Q

Mandibular 2nd premolar - Occlusal aspect

A
  • Buccal cusp is shorter than the 1st premolar and the lingual cusp is more pronounced
  • Mesial, distal, buccal and lingual surfaces are wider and more rounded
  • Shallower developmental grooves and more supplemental grooves
  • Well defined transverse ridge, seldom unites with the lingual cusp
30
Q

Maxillary 1st premolar - Occlusal Aspect

A
  • Hexagonal
  • Buccal profile is inverted V
  • Sharp MB and DB
  • Slightly convergent M and D profile
  • Palatal profile is strongly convex
  • Buccal ridge and depressions are visible
  • Tip of palatal cusp is mesial from midline
  • Mesial marginal ridge is shorter and interrupted by marginal groove
31
Q

Maxillary 1st premolar - Buccal Aspect

A
  • Buccal cusp: larger mesiodistally and occlusopalatally than the palatal cusp
  • Kite shaped, similar to the canine
  • Tip of buccal cusp is located distally to midline and separates the occlusal border into a long straight mesial ridge and short rounded distal ridge
  • Mesial slope of cusp is longer than distal
  • Distal slope shorter and rounder
  • Broad longitudinal ridge extends from cusp tip to cervical line
  • Convex
32
Q

Maxillary 1st premolar - Palatal Aspect

A
  • Similar to buccal
  • Entire buccal outline visible
  • Palatal cusp tip is mesial to midline of the crown
  • No protuberances, ridges or depression
33
Q

Maxillary 1st premolar – Mesial Aspect

A
  • Mesial-marginal ridge is marked by mesial marginal groove
  • Runs continuously from the central developmental groove on the occlusal aspect over the MM ridge and onto the occlusal 1/3 and towards the mid 1/3
  • Developmental depression present on the cervical 1/3 of the crown and the cervical 1/3 root of the mesial aspect – canine fossa
34
Q

Maxillary 1st premolar – Distal aspect

A
  • Smaller than mesial aspect
  • similar in outline
  • shallower concavity present on distal aspect of crown or root
35
Q

Maxillary 1st premolar – Root structure

A
  • Buccal and palatal roots
  • Usually two roots – bifurcation may not be complete
  • Often delicate and curved
  • If the root isn’t bifurcated, it’s compressed M-D with depressions on both mesial and distal surfaces
36
Q

Maxillary 2nd premolar – Buccal and palatal aspects

A
  • Cusps appear to be of equal height
  • Viewed palatally, less of the buccal crown is visible than on the 1st premolar
  • Root may be 1mm longer than the 1st premolar
  • Buccal cusp smaller and less pointed than 1st
  • Lingual cusp is displaced mesially
37
Q

Maxillary 2nd premolar – Occlusal aspect

A
  • Occlusal outline is ovoid in shape
  • Cusps are further apart buccopalatally
  • Cusps are of similar height
38
Q

Maxillary 2nd premolar – Mesial and distal aspects

A
  • No developmental groove on mesial marginal ridge
  • Deeper fossa present on the distal aspect of the root
  • mesial contact area is closer to the centre of the crown and distal contact area is closer to the buccal surface

OSF - oral anatomy (1 decks)

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