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Growth and Development part 2 > Tooth Development > Flashcards

Tooth Development Flashcards

1
Q

First sign of tooth development is at _____ weeks in utero

A

6-7

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2
Q

Deciduous teeth begin to calcify at _______ weeks in utero

A

13-20

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2
Q

Deciduous teeth erupt at _____ months

A

6-30

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3
Q

By _____ weeks in utero all deciduous teeth have begun to calcify

A

18-20

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4
Q

First part of tooth to calcify is the ____

A

crown

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5
Q

What are the basic steps of tooth development?

A
  • initiation
  • morphogenesis
  • cell differentiation
  • matrix secretion
  • eruption
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6
Q

What are the stages of tooth development?

A

I. Crown Formation:
1. Initiation
2. Bud Stage
3. Cap Stage
4. Bell Stage
5. Enamel and dentin formation
II. Root Formation
III. Supporting Structures

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7
Q

What are the stages of crown formation?

A
  1. Initiation
  2. Bud Stage
  3. Cap Stage
  4. Bell Stage
  5. Enamel and dentin formation
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8
Q

What is the name of the epithelium that begins the oral cavity in the developing human head?

A

odontogenic epithelium

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9
Q

What does the primary epithelial band give rise to?

A
  • dental lamina
  • vestibular lamina
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10
Q

What are the characteristics of the primary epithelial band?

A
  • Horseshoe shaped
  • Correspond to future dental arches
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11
Q

_____ Is Expressed In The Epithelium And _____ In The Mesenchyme

A

Shh
Pax9

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12
Q

What happens during initiation of tooth development?

A
  • Placode formation/Epithelial thickening.
  • Epithelial outgrowth into the mesenchyme
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13
Q

The neural crest mesenchyme induces the oral ectoderm to become the…

A

dental lamina

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14
Q

Initial odontogenic potential lies in the epithelium subsequently shifts to _________

A

mesenchyme

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15
Q

Does the epithelium change during the bud stage?

A

NO

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16
Q

What genes are involved in placode formation during bud stage?

A

Shh, Lef-1 and Eda-Edar

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17
Q

What happens during the bud stage?

A
  • Shh, Lef-1 and Eda-Edar involved in placode formation
  • Mesenchyme beneath starts to condense by the factors secreted by the epithelium
  • Cross-talk between the epithelium and the mesenchyme
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18
Q

What two basic processes occur during bud stage?

A
  • morphogenesis (tooth size and shape)
  • progress (developmental arrest)
19
Q

What happens during the cap stage?

A
  • Epithelium proliferates.
  • Mesenchyme continue to condense.
20
Q

What makes up the tooth germ?

A
  • Enamel organ – Enamel of the tooth
  • Dental papilla – Dentin (outer) and pulp (inner)
21
Q

Bud to cap stage transition is regulated by…

A

signaling molecules and transcription factors

22
Q

What does the dental follicle/dental sac form?

A

Supporting structures
- (Cementum / Periodontium / alveolar bone proper)

23
Q

What is the enamel knot?

A

It is a key signaling center consist of cluster of non-dividing cells determines cusp formation.

  • Primary and secondary enamel knot
24
What happens during cap stage histodifferentiation?
- Cells in the enamel organ synthesize glycosaminoglycans into the ECM. Hydrophilic and pull water in to enamel organ - Increase in fluid volume force the cells apart leading to formation of star shaped stellate reticulum cells
25
What are the two types of enamel organ epithelial cells?
- Inner enamel epithelium - Outer enamel epithelium
26
What happens during early bell stage?
1.Under surface of the epithelium deepens and resemble a bell 2.Stratum intermedium formation 3.Crown attains full size and shape
27
What happens during the morphodifferentiation of the bell stage?
* Low Cuboidal shaped outer enamel epithelium (OEE) * Short columnar shaped inner enamel epithelium (IEE – will differentiate into ameloblasts)
28
The junction of IEE and OEE is called _________ – also the future site of the _____
cervical loop (CL) CEJ
29
What happens during late bell stage?
- Dental lamina breaks and the separates the tooth from oral epithelium - Inner enamel epithelium (IEE) completes folding forming the future crown pattern - Under the influence of IEE mesenchymal cells differentiate into odontoblasts that makes dentin - Subsequently IEE differentiate in to ameloblasts and make enamel
30
Site at which IEE differentiates determines future ______ formation
cusp
31
IEE differentiate in to _____________ and makes _________
ameloblasts enamel
32
Under the influence of IEE mesenchymal cells differentiate into __________ that makes ______
odontoblasts dentin
33
What is the folding due to in order to form the crown pattern?
differential rates of mitotic division in IEE
34
Ameloblasts are derived from what type of cells?
inner enamel epithelium
35
What are the stages of amelogenesis?
1. Morphogenetic stage 2. Histodifferentiation stage 3. Initial secretory stage (no Tome’s process) 4. Secretory stage (Tome’s process) 5. Ruffle ended ameloblast of the maturation stage 6. Smooth ended ameloblast of the maturation stage 7. Protective stage
36
What happens during the secretory stage of ameloblasts?
- Intense synthetic and secretory activity - Forms enamel rod (R) and inter-rod (IR) - Secrete granules on the newly formed mantle dentin.
37
What are the proteins and proteases secreted during secretory stage by ameloblasts?
Proteins: - Amelogenin - Ameloblastin - Enamelin Proteases - Enamelysin (MMP20) - Kallikrein
38
Under the influence of epithelial cells mesenchymal cells differentiate into odontoblasts that make...
dentin
39
What is mantle dentin?
First layer of dentin formed by the newly differentiated odontoblasts, hypomineralized, and only in the crown of the tooth (30-50um thick)
40
What is primary dentin?
Formed during tooth development (4um/day)
41
What is secondary dentin?
Dentin formed after tooth eruption (0.4um/day)
42
What is teriary dentin?
Dentin produced in response to injury to protect the pulp
43
IEE and OEE form the cervical loop proliferate downward to form double layered structure called...
Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath
43
Fragmentation of Hertwigs epithelial root sheath (HERS), mostly removed before ________ is laid down
cementum
44
Remnants of HERS are called...
epithelial rests of Malassez

Growth and Development part 2 (10 decks)

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