Tools/Commands

Question 1

tracert

Answer 1

Windows

Shows route to remote host + latency

Question 2

traceroute

Answer 2

Linux

Shows route to remote host + latency

Question 3

nslookup

Answer 3

Windows

Verify IP address of hostname in DNS database

set type=(record type)

Question 4

dig

Answer 4

Linux equivalent of nslookup

Question 5

ipconfig

Answer 5

Windows

Display IP configuration

Question 6

ifconfig

Answer 6

Linux

Display IP configuration

Question 7

nmap

Answer 7

Open-source

Create inventory of devices on network

Banner grabbing

Question 8

pathping

Answer 8

Windows

Displays route to remote host + packet loss at each hop

Question 9

hping

Answer 9

Open-source

Packet generator/analyzer

Firewall/network audits

Question 10

netstat

Answer 10

Windows

Display active connections/listening ports/running services

Disappears on reboot

Question 11

netcat (nc)

Answer 11

Linux

Display connections

Port scanning

File transfer

Question 12

arp -a

Answer 12

Displays ARP cache

Question 13

route print / route add

Answer 13

Display local routing table

Add route

Question 14

cURL

Answer 14

Command-line tool to transfer data using several supported protocols

HTTP, FTP, IMAP, POP3, SCP, SFTP, SMTP, TFTP, TELNET, LDAP, FILE

Question 15

TheHarvester

Answer 15

Harvest email addresses of an organization

Question 16

Sn1per

Answer 16

Pen test + recon tool for automated tests

Vulnerability/port scanning

Dynamic code analysis

Question 17

Scanless

Answer 17

Open-Source

Pen test tool

Anonymous port scans

Question 18

dnsenum

Answer 18

Automatically identifies basic DNS records

Reverse DNS resolution

Brute force IP address of subdomains/host domains

Question 19

nessus

Answer 19

Vulnerability scanner (plug-ins)

Alerts to found vulnerabilities

Question 20

Cuckoo

Answer 20

Creates sandbox for file/malware inspection

Question 21

cat

Answer 21

Linux

create/concatenate files

Question 22

head

Answer 22

Linux

Display first lines in log/text files

Question 23

tail

Answer 23

Linux

Display last lines in log/text file

Question 24

grep

Answer 24

Linux

Search for string in file/repository

• i removes case sensitivity
• v find files without specified value
• c count occurrences of specified value

Question 25

chmod

Answer 25

Linux Alter permission levels

Question 26

logger

Answer 26

Linux Add message to local system log/remote syslog server Send log messages from automated scripts

Question 27

OpenSSL

Answer 27

Generate private keys Create CSRs Install TLS/SSL certificates Identify certificate information

Question 28

tcpreplay

Answer 28

Open-source Analyze .pcap files

Question 29

tcpdump

Answer 29

Linux Network packet analyzer Generates .pcap files

Question 30

dd

Answer 30

Linux Create images Copy disks

Question 31

WinHex

Answer 31

Windows Hexadecimal editor Find/recover deleted/lost data from corrupted drive

Question 32

BlueScreenReview

Answer 32

Windows Analyze .dmp files

Question 33

memdump

Answer 33

Linux Analyze .dmp files

Question 34

FTK imager

Answer 34

Data preview Imaging Determine if further forensic tool is warranted

Question 35

Autopsy

Answer 35

Analyze hard drives/smartphones/media cards Built-in translator Examining internet activity/browsing history/malware infections/etc