Tools And Techiniques For Dna Flashcards
How does pcr work
DNA strands denature ( high temp, beaks c bases h bond) so DNA is single stranded
Cooled and two nucleotide primers are added to make base pairs with the 3 prime single strand DNA
Heated so taq DNA polymerase is isolated and ca reproduce ( works in high temperatures)
What is pcr
A tool that allows scientists to get many copies of DNA
Clones. Gene faster
Forensics
Equation for pcr
Exponential ( 30 times - billions)
What is gel electrophoresis
A tool used to separate DNA fragments ( mass and electrical charge)
Useful only when islolating genes that have already been cut by restriction enzymes
Used to separate cut genes from other pieces of DNA.
Or to separate protiens
What is needed for gel electropheiss
Electricity ( postive and negative anodes)
Buffered solution ( needs to have salt because it conducts electricity)
Gel inside of buffer for DNA to weave through
What are the steps for gel ecleptohrisi
Get sample ready by adding netgTive barbed blue dye and ethidium bromide ( glow uv light)
Different size DNA samples in different wells of the gel
Gel placed into buffer so DNA travels to the postive anode
Smaller fragments less resistance so travel further
Larger fragment are heavy so travel less
Gel is removed and looked under a uv light
What is DNA fingerprinting
Tool used to identify an induicydla by their DNA for fornsice sciences of parerneryty testing
What does RFLP in DNA fingerprinting ts ad for and do
Restriction fragment length polymorphism
Is a tool that uses gel electrophoresis to identify
What is polymorphous
Difference in DNA sequence between people
In what cases does polymorphism not distinguish. Ex tween individual
Fraternal twins
What is the new way of DNA fingerprinting
Str. Stands for short tandem repeat
How does str happen
Each person has different length variation of str and so pcr is used to amplify and the. They are speerated by gel
( when graphed each person has a unique set of peaks )
What is DNA sequencing used for
Understand ad gene expression. ( exact nucleotide sequence)
What are methods for DNA sequencing
Manual sequencing method
Automated cycle method
