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Histo Exam 3 > Tongue > Flashcards

Tongue Flashcards

1
Q

how is the tongue divided?

A

anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3 by sulcus terminalis

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2
Q

how is the sulcus terminalis shaped?

A

V-shaped depression - posteriorly pointing apex ends in a shallow pit

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3
Q

what is the shallow pit at the apex of the sulcus terminalis called

A

foramen cecum

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4
Q

the dorsal surface of the tongue is covered by what type of epithelium

A

stratified squamous parakeratinized to keratinized epithelium

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5
Q

ventral surface of tongue is covered with what epithelium

A

stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium

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6
Q

both ventral and dorsal surfaces of tongue have what in common

A

both have lamina propia and submucosa of dense irregular CT

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7
Q

what consistutes the bulk of lingual tissue

A

muscular core

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8
Q

where are lingual papillae located

A

located on dorsal surface of anterior 2/3 of tongue

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9
Q

what are the four types of lingual papillae

A

filiform papillae
fungiform
foliate
circumvallate

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10
Q

characteristics of filiform papillae

A

short, narrow, highly keratinized, pointed structures - project above the tongue surface

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11
Q

characteristics of fungiform papillae

A

mushroom-shaped, project above tongue surface. interspersed among filiform papilae. occasionally have taste buds

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12
Q

characteristics of foliate papillae

A

shallow, longitudinal furrows located on the tongue’s lateral aspect

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13
Q

characteristics of circumvallate papillae

A

large, circular - each one surrounded by a moat-like furrow. 10-15 in number distributed in a V pattern just anterior to sulcus terminalis

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14
Q

about how many spindle-shaped cells do taste buds have

A

60-80 cells

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15
Q

4 different cell types of taste buds

A

dark (type I) cell
light (type II) cell
intermediate (type III) cell
basal (type IV) cell

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16
Q

average life span of taste buds

A

10 days

17
Q

how are the four different cell types of taste buds related?

A

basal cell > dark cells > light cells > intermediate cells > die

(key: > = gives rise to/becomes

18
Q

taste buds specialize in how many tastes

A

each taste bud specializes in 2 of 4 tastes

19
Q

how are salty & sour tastes identified?

A

due to specific ion channels in cells

20
Q

how are bitter and sweet tastes identified?

A

specific membrane receptors ;

receptors called TAS2R - detects bitter substances

21
Q

what is umami? how is it detected

A

a savory flavor, detects carboxylase ion on glutamic acid - monosodium glutamate

22
Q

can you detect fat?

A

still being researched whether you can identify fat through taste buds

23
Q

loss of taste is called

A

ageusia

24
Q

partial loss of taste is called

A

dsgeusia

25
Q

what can cause a loss of taste

A

infections, radiation treatment, chemicals, head injury

26
Q

what is the role of lingual salivary glands

A

delivers serous secretions into the furrow surrounding each papilla, assist the taste buds in perceiving stimuli

27
Q

what are the glands of von Ebner

A

lingual salivary glands that secrete into groove by circumvallate papillae. its serous fluid with lipases

28
Q

how is the tongue’s muscular core composed?

A

composed of bundles of skeletal muscle fibers, which cross each other in 3 planes with numerous minor salivary glands interspersed among the muscle fibers

29
Q

what are the three paired salivary exocrine glands

A

parotid (serous acini), submandibular (both serous and mucous acini), sublingual (mainly mucous with some serous demilunes)

30
Q

salivary glands make and secrete what compounds (4)

A

lysozyme, amylase, lactoferrin & secretory component for IgA

31
Q

salivary glands are surrounded by _____

and how does this arrange the glands

A

dense irregular CT capsule surrounds glands dividing it into lobes and lobules

32
Q

about how much saliva is made/day

A

~1.5L/day

33
Q

serous and mucous cell are arrnaged around a central lumen and are connected to

A

an intercalated duct

34
Q

intercalated ducts lead into

A

striated intralobular ducts

35
Q

intercalated duct cells may secrete ____ & absorb ____

A

secrete bicarbonate and absorb chloride ions

36
Q

what else may aid in saliva secretion

A

myoepithelial cells near basal lamina

37
Q

mucous acini may have serous demilunes (t/f)

A

true

Histo Exam 3 (6 decks)

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