Tone/Hypermobility Flashcards
Which structure controls muscle tone
Vestibulospinal descending pathway
Originated from upper medulla
What do medial and lateral tracts of vestibulospinal descending pathway get signals from?
Medial responds to head movements
Lateral responds to gravity dependent info
Vestibular apparatus exerts excitatory influence on extensor/flexor motor neurons
Extensor
What scoring system is used to classify hyper mobility?
Beighton
Pull little finger Pull thumb to forearm Bend elbow backwards Knee bends backwards Hands flat on floor
Difference between afferent and efferent
Afferent: toward muscle or organ
Efferent: away from muscle or organ
Ehlers-Danlos: abnormal ______ collagen synthesis leads to skin hyper-extensibility, ligament laxity, tissue fragility, delayed wound healing, strophic scarring crash bleeding/bruising.
Collagen
4 types of Ehlers-Danlos
Classic: skin hyperextensibility, hypotonia, and hernias
Hypermobility: velvet skin and frequent dislocations
Vascular: artery and vein issues and easy bruising
Kyphoscoliosis: early scoliosis
Blouts disease has suppressed growth at medial/lateral proximal tibial growth plate.
Medial proximal tibial growth plate
Risk factors for Blouts disease (5)
African American Early infant weight bearing Overweight Preexisting genu varum Ligamentous instability
How to determine between physiologic versus deformity genu varum
Physiologic: angle between femur and tibia
Deformity: isolated angle in proximal tibia
What two other lower extremity compensations may also be present with Blouts disease?
Intoeing
Tibial torsion
What gait deformity may be present with Blouts
Lateral thrust at knee
Name of scale that classifies infantile varus angulation.
Langenskiold (stages 1-6 : least to most involved)
What degree metaphyseal-diaphyseal angle above ___ deg = risk of Blouts
16
If Blouts is not corrected by __th birthday then surgery is recommended.
4th
