Tone And Term Week 7 Flashcards
Zeugma
Where a single word is used w 2 other parts of a sentence but must be understood differently in relation to each
Ex. “You are free to execute your laws and your citizens as you see fit”
Non sequitur argument
Conclusion drawn doesn’t make sense based on the evidence presented
Ex. 1. If A is true, then B is true.
2. A is false
3. Therefore, B is false.
Begging the question
Informal fallacy where conclusion that one is attempting to prove is included in initial premises of an argument, often in indirect way that conceals this fact.
Ex. Caffeine gives me energy BC of its stimulating properties.
Circular reasoning (same as begging the question)
A logical fallacy in which reasoner begins w what they are trying to end up w
Ex. Whatever is less dense than eater will float, BC such objects won’t sink in water
Hasty/over generalization
Making quick conclusions without considering all variables
Ex. Person travels thru town for first time. Sees 10 ppl, all children. Person concludes there are no adult residents in town.
Post hoc argument
One event is asserted to be cause of later event simply by virtue of having happened earlier
Ex. Jo is scratched by car while visiting friend. 2 days later she gets fever. Jo concludes cats scratch must be cause of illness.
Either/or argument
Type of informal fallacy that involved situation in which limited alternatives are considered, when in fact there is at least one additional option
Ex. A woman can either work or be a mother.
Slippery slope argument
Fallacy in which person asserts that some event must inevitably follow from another without any argument for the inevitability of event in question.
Ex. “We have to stop tuition increase! Next thing u kno, they’ll be charging $40000 a semester!”
Red herring
Irrelevant and misleading support that distracts audience attention away from real argument
Ex. I won’t hire John BC he drives an expensive sports car
Pungent
Sharply affecting organs of taste or smell; biting; caustic
Restrained
Held back; suppressed
Sardonic
Bitter or scornful derision
Sentimental
Appealing to tender emotions and feelings
Supercilious
Haughtily disdainful or contemptuous
Tongue-in-cheek
Not serious; bantering; cleverly amusing
