tolerance and autoimmunity

Question 1

examples of important autoimmune diseases

Answer 1

rheumatoid arthritis, T1DM, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erthematosus, autoimmune thyroid disease (Hashimoto’s and Grave’s)

Question 2

type II autoantigen and consequence: autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

Answer 2

Rh blood group antigens, I antigen; destruction of RBC by complement and phagocytes, anaemia

Question 3

autoantigen and consequence: Grave’s disease

Answer 3

TSH receptor; hyperthyroidism

Question 4

type II (insoluble) autoantigen and consequence: Goodpasture’s syndrome

Answer 4

non-collagenous domain of basement membrane collagen type IV; glomerulonephritis, pulmonary haemorrhage

Question 5

type III (soluble) immune complex and consequence: systemic lupus erythematosus

Answer 5

auto-IgG vs DNA, histones, ribosomes, snRNP, scRNP; circulate in blood and deposit to cause glomerulonephritis, vasculitis, arthritis

Question 6

type IV (T-cell mediated diseases as well as antibody involvement) autoantigen and pathology: T1DM

Answer 6

pancreatic B-cell antigen; B-cell destruction

Question 7

type IV (T-cell mediated diseases) autoantigen and pathology: rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 7

unknown synovial joint antigen; joint inflammation and destruction

Question 8

type IV (T-cell mediated diseases as well as antibody involvement) autoantigen and pathology: multiple sclerosis

Answer 8

myelin basic protein proteolipid protein; brain degeneration (demyelination), weakness and paralysis