ToKini Andy Genki 1 Lesson 3 Flashcards
All verbs in Japanese end with the …
う syllable
To create polite present tense …
Add masu verb stem + ます
To create the godan verb stem …
The う syllable becomes い syllable
When creating godan verb stem , what do you do to む ?
む ー> み
To turn 歌う into polite present tense it becomes .
歌います
When turning 話す into present tense , it becomes ..
話します
In godan verb stem つ becomes …
ち
In godan verb stem ぬ becomes …
に
Ichidan verbs are …
Verbs that end in iru or eri
When turning ichidan verbs into present tense …
You cut off the iru/eru
If a word ends in ru and the character before ru has e and or before it …
Then you cut it off , with the exception of like 10 verbs
Eg 入る becomes 入ります
いる becomes いります
To say the opposite of a verb in present tense
You just say ません instead of ます
To say the opposite of sing in present tense …
You say 歌いません
この歌を歌います
I will sing this song
お茶を飲みません
I will / do not drink tea
家に帰ります
I will go home
ませんか is a …
Polite invitation
As a particle を..
Marks an object
As a particle を..
Marks an object
Ignore
DOb + を + verb means …
I will (verb)
As a particle で …
marks where an activity takes place
Location + で + verb marks …
Marks where something takes place
コーヒーを飲みます
I will drink coffee
テレビを見ます
I will watch television
テレビ
Television
Location + で + verb is used for …
Marking an object / where something takes place
家でコーヒーを飲みます
I will drink coffee at home
飲む
Drink
飲む
Drink
パーでテレビを見ます
I will watch tv at a bar
に as a particle …
Marks the time an activity takes place
or
Movement towards a goal
Time + に + verb is used for ….
Makes the time an activity takes place
Location + に + movement verb is used for …
Expressing movement towards a goal
Location + に + movement verb is used for …
Expressing movement towards a goal
7時に家でコーヒーを飲みます
I will drink coffee at home at 7 o’,clock
日曜日にパーでテレビを見ます.
I will watch tv at a bar on Sunday
バー
Bar
アメリカに帰ります
I will go home to America
カフェに行きます
i will go to a cafe
カフェ
Cafe
The usage of へ is indentical to …
に
アメリカへ帰ります
I will go home to America
アメリカで何をしますか ？
What will you do in America ?
ピザをたくさん食べます
I will eat lots of pizza
たくさん
Lots of
Time + に + verb is used for …
Referencing time
Fill in the blank :
7時__コーヒー
に
Can you drop the particle here ?
日曜日にテレビ
No , it’s one of the only particles you can’t drop
Can you use に for regular intervals ?
No , you drop it then
Fill in the blank :
今日_テレビを見ます
は , not に because it’s a regular interval
When using に for times of the day / weekend , do you have to use に ?
No , the particle is optional
Here , に makes it feel more forced
How do you politely invite someone in Japanese ?
Masu verb stem + まぜん ＋か？
歌いませんか？
Won’t you sing ?
飲みませんか？
Won’t you drink ?
お茶を飲みませんか？
Won’t you drink tea ?
帰りませんか？
Won’t you go home ?
いいですよ
Sure !
明日いっしよ勉強しませんか？
Won’t you study with me tomorrow ?
そのあと映画を見ませんか？
After that , want to watch a movie ?
いいですね ！
Sounds good !
毎日 / まいにち
Everyday
毎日 reading ?
まいにち
良く ／ よく
Often
良く reading ?
よく
Can you put を anywhere in a sentence ?
Yes !
Place を in the sentence :
コーヒー＿よく＿飲みます
Should be in the first place
When a sentence has a negative verb , where can you place を？
In between DOb and neg verb or I between DOb and ADV(freq)
毎日コーヒーを飲みますか?
Do you drink coffee everyday
Is this sentence correct or incorrect :
ぜんぜん大丈夫.
Incorrect !
コーヒをあまり飲みません
I don’t often drink coffee
寿司をぜんぜん食べる
I don’t eat sushi at all
お酒を飲みますか？
Do you drink alcohol ?
あまり食べる
Don’t eat much
嘘
Lie
嘘ですね?
That’s a lie
What’s the word order for Japanese ?
subject - object - verb
猫はねずみを食べます.
The cat will eat the mouse
Is Japanese purely a SVO language ?
No , sometimes you get OV , V,O , V etc etc
Why does Japanese have many word order sentence structures ?
Japanese is context heavy
見る！あの絵がを
I’ll watch it ! That movie
嘘 reading ?
うそ
Is は actually the object marker ?
No , it’s a topic marker
今日は忙しい？
Busy today ?
今日ケーキを食べます.
Today , I will eat cake
